Long-term trajectories of treatment-resistant schizophrenia following clozapine or electroconvulsive therapy: A retrospective observational study.

Kawashima H, Takekita Y, Aoki N, Hazama M, Aki M, Katsuragi K, Ando T, Sakai H, Tajika A, Murai T, Suwa T

DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.09.004
Published: 2025 Oct
Container: Journal of psychiatric research
Publisher: Not recorded
Open access: unknown

Credibility signals

limited evidence Score 43/100 under policy 1.0.0. This is a metadata assessment, not a judgment of the paper's conclusions.

Show all credibility signals

cautionDOI registered: No matching Crossref record was present in this response. Source: Crossref; license: CC0 metadata
cautionDOI resolves: No matching Crossref record was present in this response. Source: Crossref; license: CC0 metadata
not scoredDirectory of Open Access Journals: No matching DOAJ record was present in this response. No allow-list match; this is not evidence of low credibility. Source: DOAJ; license: CC0
not scoredMEDLINE indexed: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made. Source: No authority result supplied; license: Unknown
not scoredOpenAlex core source: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made. Source: No authority result supplied; license: Unknown
not scoredKnown publisher allow-list: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made. Source: No authority result supplied; license: Unknown
not scoredROR affiliation: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made. Source: No authority result supplied; license: Unknown
not scoredRetraction Watch retraction: No retraction notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete. Source: Retraction Watch; license: CC BY 4.0
not scoredRetraction Watch expression of concern: No expression of concern notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete. Source: Retraction Watch; license: CC BY 4.0
not scoredRetraction Watch correction: No correction notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete. Source: Retraction Watch; license: CC BY 4.0
not scoredRetraction Watch reinstatement: No reinstatement notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete. Source: Retraction Watch; license: CC BY 4.0
not scoredOpen access status: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made. Source: No authority result supplied; license: Unknown
not scoredPublication license: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made. Source: No authority result supplied; license: Unknown
not scoredPublication version: A publication version was supplied but is not scored. Source: Normalized work metadata; license: Caller-provided; provenance license not supplied to scorer
cautionMetadata completeness: 5 of 6 scored descriptive metadata groups are present; missing fields increase uncertainty. Source: Normalized work metadata; license: Caller-provided; provenance license not supplied to scorer

Cite this work

BibTeX

@article{allodium:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.09.004,
  title = {Long-term trajectories of treatment-resistant schizophrenia following clozapine or electroconvulsive therapy: A retrospective observational study.},
  author = {Kawashima H and Takekita Y and Aoki N and Hazama M and Aki M and Katsuragi K and Ando T and Sakai H and Tajika A and Murai T and Suwa T},
  year = {2025},
  journal = {Journal of psychiatric research},
  doi = {10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.09.004},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.09.004}
}

RIS

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Long-term trajectories of treatment-resistant schizophrenia following clozapine or electroconvulsive therapy: A retrospective observational study.
AU  - Kawashima H
AU  - Takekita Y
AU  - Aoki N
AU  - Hazama M
AU  - Aki M
AU  - Katsuragi K
AU  - Ando T
AU  - Sakai H
AU  - Tajika A
AU  - Murai T
AU  - Suwa T
PY  - 2025
JO  - Journal of psychiatric research
DO  - 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.09.004
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.09.004
ER  -

APA

H, K., Y, T., N, A., M, H., M, A., K, K., T, A., H, S., A, T., T, M., & T, S. (2025). Long-term trajectories of treatment-resistant schizophrenia following clozapine or electroconvulsive therapy: A retrospective observational study.. Journal of psychiatric research. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.09.004

Source records

pubmed · retrieved 2026-09-26T23:38:08.961Z