Global, regional, and national burden of chronic respiratory diseases and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, 1990–2023: a Global Burden of Disease study

BibTeX

@article{allodium:10.1038/s41591-025-04077-9,
  title = {Global, regional, and national burden of chronic respiratory diseases and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, 1990–2023: a Global Burden of Disease study},
  author = {Jiyeon Oh and Soeun Kim and Yesol Yim and Min Seo Kim and Unknown and Jae Il Shin and Ahmed A. J. Jabbar and Hasan Aalruz and Mohammadreza Abbasian and Abdallah H. A. Abd Al Magied and Samar Abd ElHafeez and Atef Abdelkader and Mawada Hassan Abdelmagied and Parsa Abdi and Mohammad-Amin Abdollahifar and Deldar Morad Abdulah and Auwal Abdullahi and Nigusie Abebaw and Roberto Ariel Abeldaño Zuñiga and Richard Gyan Aboagye and Hassan Abolhassani and Mohamed Abouzid and Lucas Guimarães Abreu and Dariush Abtahi and Rana Kamal Abu Farha and Ibrahim Jatau Abubakar and Eman Abu-Gharbieh and Hana J. Abukhadijah and Salahdein Aburuz and Ahmed Abu-Zaid and Juan Manuel Acuna and Mesafint Molla Adane and Isaac Yeboah Addo and Oyelola A. Adegboye and Victor Adekanmbi and Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji and Temitayo Esther Adeyeoluwa and Rishan Adha and Kishor Adhikari and Ripon Kumar Adhikary and Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Adnani and Aanuoluwapo Adeyimika Afolabi and Rotimi Felix Afolabi and Fatemeh Afrashteh and Arya Afrooghe and Anurag Agrawal and Williams Agyemang-Duah and Aqeel Ahmad and Muayyad M. Ahmad and Sajjad Ahmad and Shahzaib Ahmad and Ali Ahmadi and Ayman Ahmed and Haroon Ahmed and Ibrar Ahmed and Mohammed Ahmed and Oli Ahmed and Sindew Mahmud Ahmed and Syed Anees Ahmed and Abdullateef Abiodun Ajadi and Ruslan Akhmedullin and Karolina Akinosoglou and Mohammed Ahmed Al-Kaif and Ashley E. Akrami and Hanadi Al Hamad and Syed Mahfuz Al Hasan and Muaaz M. Alajlani and Yazan Al-Ajlouni and Khurshid Alam and Mohammad Khursheed Alam and Nazmul Alam and Rasmieh Mustafa Al-amer and Ayman Al-Eyadhy and Abdelazeem M. Algammal and Adel Ali Saeed Al-Gheethi and Fadwa Naji Alhalaiqa and Endale Alemayehu Ali and Mohammad Daud Ali and Mohammed Usman Ali and Rafat Ali and Syed Shujait Ali and Waad Ali and Akram Al-Ibraheem and Sheikh Mohammad Alif and Samah W. Al-Jabi and Mohamad Aljofan and Syed Mohamed Aljunid and Sabah Al-Marwani and Hesham M. Al-Mekhlafi and Mohmmad Minwer Alnaeem and Mahmoud A. Alomari and Jaber S. Alqahtani and Abdullah A. Alqarni and Ahmad Alrawashdeh and Sahel Majed Alrousan and Mohammed A. Alsabri and Najim Z. Alshahrani and Zaid Altaany and Awais Altaf and Khaled Altartoor and Jaffar A. Al-Tawfiq and Khalid A. Altirkawi and Farrukh Jawad Alvi and Nelson Alvis-Guzman and Hassan Alwafi and Mohammad Al-Wardat and Yaser Mohammed Al-Worafi and Hany Aly and Mohammad Sharif Ibrahim Alyahya and Abdallah Alzoubi and Karem H. Alzoubi and Reza Amani and Isha Amatya and Amr Amin and Hubert Amu and Robert Ancuceanu and Michael Anderson and Abhishek Anil and Adnan Ansar and Mohammed Tahir Ansari and Sameera Ansari and Boluwatife Stephen Anuoluwa and Iyadunni Adesola Anuoluwa and Saeid Anvari and Saleha Anwar and Anayochukwu Edward Anyasodor and Geminn Louis Carace Apostol and Jalal Arabloo and Elshaimaa A. Arafa and Mosab Arafat and Aleksandr Y. Aravkin and Demelash Areda and Benedetta Armocida and Mahwish Arooj and Idowu Thomas Aruleba and Ashokan Arumugam and Akeza Awealom Asgedom and Mona Asghariahmadabad and Akram Ashames and Muhammad Abdul Basit Ashraf and Tahira Ashraf and Bernard Kwadwo Yeboah Asiamah-Asare and Dereje Zewdu Assefa and Alok Atreya and Engi Farouk Attia and Marcel Ausloos and Lemessa Assefa A. Ayana and Sadat Abdulla Aziz and Zaharaddeen Shuaibu Babandi and Giridhara Rathnaiah Babu and Muhammad Badar and Atif Amin Baig and Aleksandra Barac and Mainak Bardhan and Hiba Jawdat Barqawi and Zarrin Basharat and Rehana Basri and Mohammad-Mahdi Bastan and Mohammad Amin Bayat Tork and Nebiyou Simegnew Bayleyegn and Payam Behzadi and Asnake Gashaw Belayneh and Muhammad Bashir Bello and Olorunjuwon Omolaja Bello and Apostolos Beloukas and Maryam Bemanalizadeh and Habib Benzian and Robert S. Bernstein and Paulo J. G. Bettencourt and Kebede A. Beyene and Ajeet Singh Bhadoria and Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula and Pankaj Bhardwaj and Ashish Bhargava and Jasvinder Singh Bhatti and Obasanjo Afolabi Bolarinwa and Hamed Borhany and Souad Bouaoud and Edward J. Boyko and Hermann Brenner and Tsion Samuel Bunare and Yasser Bustanji and Nadeem Shafique Butt and Zahid A. Butt and Mehtap Çakmak Barsbay and Daniela Calina and Luis Alberto Cámera and Ismael Campos-Nonato and Angelo Capodici and Joao Mauricio Castaldelli-Maia and Carlos A. Castañeda-Orjuela and Luca Cegolon and Muthia Cenderadewi and Ester Cerin and Chiranjib Chakraborty and Sandip Chakraborty and Jeffrey Shi Kai Chan and Eeshwar K. Chandrasekar and Anis Ahmad Chaudhary and Hana Chen and Haowei Chen and Shanquan Chen and Esther T. W. Cheng and Nicholas WS Chew and Gerald Chi and Patrick R. Ching and Jesus Lorenzo Chirinos-Caceres and Abdulaal Chitheer and Yuen Yu Chong and Sonali Gajanan Choudhari and Sreshtha Chowdhury and Devasahayam J. Christopher and Dinh-Toi Chu and Ting-Wu Chuang and Isaac Sunday Chukwu and Sunghyun Chung and Muhammad Chutiyami and Aaron J. Cohen and Joao Conde and Natalia Cruz-Martins and Alanna Gomes da Silva and Nour Dababo and Omid Dadras and Siyu Dai and Xiaochen Dai and Zhaoli Dai and Koustuv Dalal and Samuel Demissie Darcho and Ana Maria Dascalu and Cornelius Dassah and Juana Maria Delgado-Saborit and Vinoth Gnana Chellaiyan Devanbu and Pradeep Kumar Devarakonda and Devananda Devegowda and Rakhi Dey and Arkadeep Dhali and Kuldeep Dhama and Amol S. Dhane and Samath Dhamminda Dharmaratne and Meghnath Dhimal and Marcello Di Pumpo and Mostafa Dianatinasab and Daniel Diaz and Michael J. Diaz and Thanh Chi Do and Thao Huynh Phuong Do and Sushil Dohare and Ojas Prakashbhai Doshi and Robert Kokou Dowou and Viola Savy Dsouza and Sulagna Dutta and Abdel Rahman E’mar and Hooman Ebrahimi and Hisham Atan Edinur and Diyan Ermawan Effendi and Foolad Eghbali and Ashkan Eighaei Sedeh and Taymmia Ejaz and Temitope Cyrus Ekundayo and Ibrahim Farahat El Bayoumy and Omar Abdelsadek Abdou El Meligy and Mohamed Ahmed Eladl and Said El-Ashker and Noha Mousaad Elemam and Muhammed Elhadi and Ibrahim Elsohaby and Chadi Eltaha and Theophilus I. Emeto and Talha Bin Emran and Majid Eslami and Maysa Eslami and Sayed Vahid Esmaeili and Adewale Oluwaseun Fadaka and Adeniyi Francis Fagbamigbe and Ayesha Fahim and Razana Faiz and Ildar Ravisovich Fakhradiyev and Mohammad Farahmand and Mohsen A. Farghaly and Andre Faro and Hossein Farrokhpour and Rana Farsakoury and Kiana Fasihi and Modupe Margaret Fasina and Zareen Fatima and Nelsensius Klau Fauk and Pietro Ferrara and Nuno Ferreira and Florian Fischer and Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan and Marco Fonzo and Arianna Fornari and Daniela Fortuna and Matteo Foschi and Maryam Fotouhi and Jinming Fu and G. Sridevi and Muktar A. Gadanya and Abduzhappar Gaipov and Silvano Gallus and Aravind P. Gandhi and Balasankar Ganesan and Zisis Gatzioufas and Rupesh K. Gautam and Miglas Welay Gebregergis and Molla Getie and Delaram J. Ghadimi and Seyyed-Hadi Ghamari and Ramy Mohamed Ghazy and Gloria Gheno and Maryam Gholamalizadeh and Ali Gholamrezanezhad and Elena Ghotbi and Arun Ghuge and Artyom Urievich Gil and Richard F. Gillum and Alem Abera Girmay and Mahaveer Golechha and MReza Goodarzian and Amador Goodridge and Ayman Grada and Michal Grivna and Ashna Grover and Zhongyang Guan and Giovanni Guarducci and Mohammed Ibrahim Mohialdeen Gubari and Stefano Guicciardi and Snigdha Gulati and Damitha Asanga Gunawardane and Cui Guo and Anish Kumar Gupta and Bhawna Gupta and Lalit Gupta and Rajeev Gupta and Veer Bala Gupta and Vivek Kumar Gupta and Roberth Steven Gutiérrez-Murillo and Farrokh Habibzadeh and Mostafa Hadei and Dariush Haghmorad and Sebastian Haller and Rabih Halwani and Nadia M. Hamdy and Ahmad Hammoud and Changwoo Han and Fahad Hanna and Arief Hargono and Josep Maria Haro and Md. Kamrul Hasan and Mohammad Jahid Hasan and Hamidreza Hasani and Ali Hasanpour-Dehkordi and Nageeb Hassan and Shoaib Hassan and Johannes Haubold and Jiawei He and Wen-Qiang He and Behzad Heibati and Bartosz Helfer and Mehdi Hemmati and Yuta Hiraike and Minh Hoang and Ramesh Holla and Nobuyuki Horita and Sabbir Hossain and Md. Belal Hossain and Mehdi Hosseinzadeh and Sorin Hostiuc and Vivian Chia-rong Hsieh and Junjie Huang and Ayesha Humayun and Tsegaye Gebreyes Hundie and Kiavash Hushmandi and Javid Hussain and Nawfal R. Hussein and Mohamed Ibrahim Husseiny and Le Duc Huy and Hong-Han Huynh and Bing-Fang Hwang and Ivo Iavicoli and Segun Emmanuel Ibitoye and Anel Ibrayeva and Kevin S. Ikuta and Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi and Irena M. Ilic and Milena D. Ilic and Mustapha Immurana and Arit Inok and Muhammad Iqhrammullah and Mustafa Alhaji Isa and Md. Rabiul Islam and Nahlah Elkudssiah Ismail and Zhanat Bakhitovna Ispayeva and Assefa N. Iyasu and Mahalaxmi Iyer and Vinothini J and Louis Jacob and Abdollah Jafarzadeh and Haitham Jahrami and Nityanand Jain and Vikash Jaiswal and Mihajlo Jakovljevic and Sepide Javankiani and Talha Jawaid and Sathish Kumar Jayapal and Shubha Jayaram and Felix K. Jebasingh and Sun Ha Jee and Ravi Prakash Jha and Yusheng Jia and Wenyi Jin and Jost B. Jonas and Tamas Joo and Jobinse Jose and Nitin Joseph and Anupam Jyoti and Vaishali K and Billingsley Kaambwa and Zubair Kabir and Gebisa Guyasa Kabito and Rajesh Kamath and Saddam Fuad Kanaan and Samuel Berchi Kankam and Edmund Wedam Kanmiki and Kehinde Kazeem Kanmodi and Surya Kant and Rami S. Kantar and Srikanta Kanungo and Arman Karimi Behnagh and Joonas H. Kauppila and Foad Kazemi and Peter Njenga Keiyoro and Yousef Saleh Khader and Himanshu Khajuria and Hazim O. Khalifa and Alireza Khalilian and Faham Khamesipour and M. Nuruzzaman Khan and Maseer Khan and Mohammad Jobair Khan and Moien AB Khan and Vishnu Khanal and Khaled Khatab and Moawiah Mohammad Khatatbeh and Feriha Fatima Khidri and Majid Khosravi and Kwanghyun Kim and Yun Jin Kim and Ruth W. Kimokoti and Tadele Kinati and Adnan Kisa and Sezer Kisa and Mika Kivimäki and Luke D. Knibbs and Ali-Asghar Kolahi and Farzad Kompani and Isaac Koomson and Vladimir Andreevich Korshunov and Oleksii Korzh and Karel Kostev and Nikhil Kothari and Kewal Krishan and Neoklis Kritikos and Mohammed Kuddus and Ilari Kuitunen and Mukhtar Kulimbet and Dewesh Kumar and Jogender Kumar and Rakesh Kumar and Satyajit Kundu and Setor K. Kunutsor and Almagul Kurmanova and Om P. Kurmi and Maria Dyah Kurniasari and Frank Kyei-Arthur and Ville Kytö and Carlo La Vecchia and Muhammad Awwal Ladan and Chandrakant Lahariya and Hanpeng Lai and Judit Lám and Qing Lan and Francesco Lanfranchi and Kamaluddin Latief and Kaveh Latifinaibin and Paolo Lauriola and Huu-Hoai Le and Nhi Huu Hanh Le and Thao Thi Thu Le and Trang Diep Thanh Le and Caterina Ledda and Seung Won Lee and Wei-Chen Lee and Vasileios Leivaditis and Elvynna Leong and Jiaying Li and Ming-Chieh Li and Wei Li and Virendra S. Ligade and Stephen S. Lim and Jialing Lin and Queran Lin and Ro-Ting Lin and Chaojie Liu and Gang Liu and Jue Liu and Xuefeng Liu and José Francisco López-Gil and Platon D. Lopukhov and Paulo A. Lotufo and Giancarlo Lucchetti and Alessandra Lugo and Hong Luo and Zheng Feei Ma and Mahmoud Mabrok and Firoozeh Madadi and Mehrdad Mahalleh and Iram Malik and Andrei Malinovschi and Deborah Carvalho Malta and Abdullah A. Mamun and Yosef Manla and Kamaruddeen Mannethodi and Vahid Mansouri and Lorenzo Giovanni Mantovani and Emmanuel Manu and Bishnu P. Marasini and Hamid Reza Marateb and Bernardo Alfonso Martinez-Guerra and Santi Martini and Miquel Martorell and Winfried März and Roy Rillera Marzo and Sammer Marzouk and Alireza Masoudi and Yasith Mathangasinghe and Alexander G. Mathioudakis and Medha Mathur and Fernanda Penido Matozinhos and Rita Mattiello and Richard James Maude and Andrea Maugeri and Juergen May and Steven M. McPhail and Enkeleint A. Mechili and Asim Mehmood and Tesfahun Mekene Meto and Hadush Negash Meles and Addisu Melese and Endalkachew Belayneh Melese and Ritesh G. Menezes and Alexios-Fotios A. Mentis and Mohsen Merati and Atte Meretoja and Tuomo J. Meretoja and Tomislav Mestrovic and Chamila Dinushi Kukulege Mettananda and Sachith Mettananda and Adquate Mhlanga and Laurette Mhlanga and Ted R. Miller and Giuseppe Minervini and Le Huu Nhat Minh and GK Mini and Awoke Misganaw and Arup Kumar Misra and Ankit Mittal and Madhukar Mittal and Nouh Saad Mohamed and Ameen Mosa Mohammad and Ibrahim Mohammadzadeh and Mustapha Mohammed and Aleenah Mohsin and Ali H. Mokdad and Sabrina Molinaro and Shaher Momani and Lorenzo Monasta and AmirAli Moodi Ghalibaf and Maryam Moradi and Yousef Moradi and Lidia Morawska and Freiser Eceomo Cruz Mosquera and Elias Mossialos and Parsa Mousavi and Ahmed Msherghi and Lorenzo Muccioli and Sumoni Mukherjee and George Duke Mukoro and Francesk Mulita and Yanjinlkham Munkhsaikhan and Efren Murillo-Zamora and Christopher J. L. Murray and Ghulam Mustafa and Saravanan Muthupandian and Woojae Myung and Mohsen Naghavi and Pirouz Naghavi and Ganesh R. Naik and Gurudatta Naik and Firzan Nainu and Soroush Najdaghi and Gopal Nambi and Vinay Nangia and Sreenivas Narasimha Swamy and Shumaila Nargus and Delaram Narimani Davani and Gustavo G. Nascimento and Abdulqadir J. Nashwan and Ali Nasrollahizadeh and Amir Nasrollahizadeh and Zuhair S. Natto and Javaid Nauman and Samidi Nirasha Kumari Navaratna and Biswa Prakash Nayak and Shalini Ganesh Nayak and Vinod C. Nayak and Ashish Kumar Nayyar and Athare Nazri-Panjaki and Masoud Negahdary and Ionut Negoi and Ruxandra Irina Negoi and Samata Nepal and Josephine W. Ngunjiri and Dang Nguyen and Hau Thi Hien Nguyen and Phuong The Nguyen and Van Thanh Nguyen and Quan Nguyen Khoi and Nafise Niknam and Ali Nikoobar and Nasrin Nikravangolsefid and Chukwudi A. Nnaji and Shuhei Nomura and Chisom Adaobi Nri-Ezedi and Mengistu H. Nunemo and Dieta Nurrika and Bogdan Oancea and Mary Aigbiremo Oboh and Ismail A. Odetokun and Michael Safo Oduro and Akinyemi O. D. Ofakunrin and Oluwaseun Adeolu Ogundijo and Tolulope R. Ojo-Akosile and Sylvester Reuben Okeke and Akinkunmi Paul Okekunle and Osaretin Christabel Okonji and Patrick Godwin Okwute and Andrew T. Olagunju and Matthew Idowu Olatubi and Goran Latif Omer and Sok King Ong and Michal Ordak and Verner N. Orish and Alberto Ortiz and Esteban Ortiz-Prado and Uchechukwu Levi Osuagwu and Amel Ouyahia and Tope Oyelade and Mahesh P. A and Alicia Padron-Monedero and Songhomitra Panda-Jonas and Seithikurippu R. Pandi-Perumal and Georgios D. Panos and Leonidas D. Panos and Paraskevi Papadopoulou and Pragyan Paramita Parija and Romil R. Parikh and Eun-Kee Park and Sungchul Park and S. Yasamin Parvar and Maja Pasovic and Roberto Passera and Shankargouda Patil and Dimitrios Patoulias and Uttam Paudel and Paolo Pedersini and Veincent Christian Filipino Pepito and Prince Peprah and Arokiasamy Perianayagam and Simone Perna and Fanny Emily Petermann-Rocha and Hoang Nhat Pham and Tom Pham and Anil K. Philip and Dimitri Poddighe and Roman V. Polibin and Arjun Pon Avudaiappan and Maarten J. Postma and Farzad Pourghazi and Akram Pourshams and Akila Prashant and Elton Junio Sady Prates and Jagadeesh Puvvula and Nameer Hashim Qasim and Asma Saleem Qazi and Jia-Yong Qiu and R. Deepthi and Venkatraman Radhakrishnan and Alireza Rafiei and Zahra Rahimi and Md. Mosfequr Rahman and Mohammad Hifz Ur Rahman and Mosiur Rahman and Muhammad Aziz Rahman and Mohammad Rahmanian and Sunil Kumar Raina and Sathish Rajaa and Abin K. Rajan and Vinoth Rajendran and Prashant Rajput and Mahmoud Mohammed Ramadan and Chitra Ramasamy and Shakthi Kumaran Ramasamy and Sheena Ramazanu and Kiana Ramezanzadeh and Kritika Rana and Chhabi Lal Ranabhat and Nemanja Rancic and Usha Rani and Mithun Rao and Vahid Rashedi and Ahmed Mustafa Rashid and Mohammad-Mahdi Rashidi and Devarajan Rathish and Santosh Kumar Rauniyar and Salman Rawaf and Lal Rawal and Elrashdy M. Redwan and Aqeeb Ur Rehman and Luis Felipe Reyes and Nazila Rezaei and Mohsen Rezaeian and Hermano Alexandre Lima Rocha and Thales Philipe Rodrigues da Silva and Jefferson Antonio Buendia Rodriguez and Leonardo Roever and Ravi Rohilla and Mohsen Rokni and Luca Ronfani and Moustaq Karim Khan Rony and Himanshu Sekhar Rout and Nitai Roy and Priyanka Roy and Shubhanjali Roy and Simanta Roy and Tilleye Runghien and Adnan Saadeddin and Farrukh Ishaque I. Saah and Maha Mohamed Saber-Ayad and Cameron John Sabet and Siamak Sabour and Basema Ahmad Saddik and Mohd Saeed and Umar Saeed and Maryam Saeedi and Mehdi Safari and Alireza Saghafi and Dominic Sagoe and Fatemeh Saheb Sharif-Askari and Narjes Saheb Sharif-Askari and Amirhossein Sahebkar and Pragyan Monalisa Sahoo and Soumya Swaroop Sahoo and S. Mohammad Sajadi and Refat Uz Zaman Sajib and Mirza Rizwan Sajid and Luciane B. Salaroli and Mohamed A. Saleh and Aanuoluwa James Salemcity and Sohrab Salimi and Jayami Eshana Samaranayake and Saad Samargandy and Waqas Sami and Abdallah M. Samy and Sathish Sankar and Milena M. Santric-Milicevic and Bruno Piassi Sao Jose and Aswini Saravanan and Gargi Sachin Sarode and Sachin C. Sarode and Benn Sartorius and Brijesh Sathian and Anudeep Sathyanarayan and Maheswar Satpathy and Jennifer Saulam and Monika Sawhney and Ganesh Kumar Saya and Abu Sayeed and Benedikt Michael Schaarschmidt and Christophe Schinckus and Ione Jayce Ceola Schneider and Mansour Sedighi and Siddharthan Selvaraj and Ashenafi Kibret Sendekie and Pallav Sengupta and Dragos Serban and Yashendra Sethi and Abubakar Sha’aban and Mahan Shafie and Muhammad Shahab and Shazlin Shaharudin and Samiah Shahid and Moyad Jamal Shahwan and Masood Ali Shaikh and Alireza Shakeri and Muhammad Aaqib Shamim and Mehran Shams-Beyranvand and Mohammad Ali Shamshirgaran and Anas Shamsi and Alfiya Shamsutdinova and Nigussie Tadesse Sharew and Sadaf Sharfaei and Amin Sharifan and Javad Sharifi Rad and Manoj Sharma and Vishal Sharma and Rajesh P. Shastry and Rekha Raghuveer Shenoy and Samendra P. Sherchan and Pavanchand H. Shetty and Premalatha K. Shetty and Desalegn Shiferaw and Mika Shigematsu and Aminu Shittu and Zahra Shokati Eshkiki and Sina Shool and Sunil Shrestha and Yafei Si and Emmanuel Edwar Siddig and Mohammad Sidiq and Luís Manuel Lopes Rodrigues Silva and Amit Singh and Baljinder Singh and Harmanjit Singh and Jasvinder A. Singh and Kalpana Singh and Surjit Singh and Mukesh Kumar Sinha and Robert Sinto and Anna Aleksandrovna Skryabina and Farrukh Sobia and Anton Sokhan and Shipra Solanki and Solikhah Solikhah and Sameh S. M. Soliman and Aayushi Sood and Soroush Soraneh and Reed J. D. Sorensen and Joan B. Soriano and Ireneous N. Soyiri and Michael Spartalis and Sandra Spearman and Bahadar S. Srichawla and Paschalis Steiropoulos and Leo Stockfelt and Vetriselvan Subramaniyan and Jing Sun and Zhong Sun and Vinay Suresh and Chandan Kumar Swain and Lukasz Szarpak and Seyyed Mohammad Tabatabaei and Seyed-Amir Tabatabaeizadeh and Celine Tabche and Mohammad Tabish and Seyed Reza Taha and Yasaman Taheri Abkenar and Jabeen Taiba and Iman M. Talaat and Jacques Lukenze Tamuzi and Ker-Kan Tan and Nathan Y. Tat and Seyed Mohammad Tavangar and Animut Takele Telayneh and Worku Animaw Temesgen and Mohamad-Hani Temsah and Kavumpurathu Raman Thankappan and Mahalakshmi Thayumana Sundaram and Sathish Thirunavukkarasu and Krishna Tiwari and Vikas Kumar Tiwari and Sojit Tomo and Roman Topor-Madry and Jasmine T. Tran and Ngoc Ha Tran and Quynh Thuy Huong Tran and Thang Huu Tran and Domenico Trico and Jaya Prasad Tripathy and Samuel Joseph Tromans and Thien Tan Tri Tai Truyen and Munkhtuya Tumurkhuu and Aniefiok John Udoakang and Atta Ullah and Irfan Ullah and Saeed Ullah and Umar Muhammad Umar and Eduardo A. Undurraga and Brigid Unim and Bhaskaran Unnikrishnan and Era Upadhyay and Dipan Uppal and Jibrin Sammani Usman and Jef Van den Eynde and Tommi Juhani Vasankari and Balachandar Vellingiri and Madhur Verma and Massimiliano Veroux and Georgios-Ioannis Verras and Simone Villa and Jorge Hugo Villafañe and Francesco S. Violante and Xing Wang and Yanzhong Wang and Ahmed Bilal Waqar and Muhammad Waqas and Ronny Westerman and Anggi Lukman Wicaksana and Dakshitha Praneeth Wickramasinghe and Peter Willeit and Marcin W. Wojewodzic and Yihun Miskir Wubie and Sarah Wulf Hanson and Zhijia Xia and Lishun Xiao and Xiaoyue Xu and Mingyang Xue and Lalit Yadav and Mukesh Kumar Yadav and Yuichiro Yano and Yuichi Yasufuku and Sanni Yaya and Pengpeng Ye and Saber Yezli and Naohiro Yonemoto and Mohammed Youssef and Chuanhua Yu and Fathiah Zakham and Nazar Zaki and Michael Zastrozhin and Mohammed Zawiah and Jingya Zhang and Yunquan Zhang and Zhi-Jiang Zhang and Jinxin Zheng and Anthony Zhong and Claire Chenwen Zhong and Jiayan Zhou and Bin Zhu and Abzal Zhumagaliuly and Hafsa Zia and Magdalena Zielińska and Osama A. Zitoun and Ghazal Zoghi and Sa’ed H. Zyoud and Samer H. Zyoud and Simon I. Hay and Jae Il Shin and Dong Keon Yon},
  year = {2026},
  journal = {Nature Medicine},
  doi = {10.1038/s41591-025-04077-9},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-025-04077-9}
}

RIS

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Global, regional, and national burden of chronic respiratory diseases and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, 1990–2023: a Global Burden of Disease study
AU  - Jiyeon Oh
AU  - Soeun Kim
AU  - Yesol Yim
AU  - Min Seo Kim
AU  - Unknown
AU  - Jae Il Shin
AU  - Ahmed A. J. Jabbar
AU  - Hasan Aalruz
AU  - Mohammadreza Abbasian
AU  - Abdallah H. A. Abd Al Magied
AU  - Samar Abd ElHafeez
AU  - Atef Abdelkader
AU  - Mawada Hassan Abdelmagied
AU  - Parsa Abdi
AU  - Mohammad-Amin Abdollahifar
AU  - Deldar Morad Abdulah
AU  - Auwal Abdullahi
AU  - Nigusie Abebaw
AU  - Roberto Ariel Abeldaño Zuñiga
AU  - Richard Gyan Aboagye
AU  - Hassan Abolhassani
AU  - Mohamed Abouzid
AU  - Lucas Guimarães Abreu
AU  - Dariush Abtahi
AU  - Rana Kamal Abu Farha
AU  - Ibrahim Jatau Abubakar
AU  - Eman Abu-Gharbieh
AU  - Hana J. Abukhadijah
AU  - Salahdein Aburuz
AU  - Ahmed Abu-Zaid
AU  - Juan Manuel Acuna
AU  - Mesafint Molla Adane
AU  - Isaac Yeboah Addo
AU  - Oyelola A. Adegboye
AU  - Victor Adekanmbi
AU  - Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji
AU  - Temitayo Esther Adeyeoluwa
AU  - Rishan Adha
AU  - Kishor Adhikari
AU  - Ripon Kumar Adhikary
AU  - Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Adnani
AU  - Aanuoluwapo Adeyimika Afolabi
AU  - Rotimi Felix Afolabi
AU  - Fatemeh Afrashteh
AU  - Arya Afrooghe
AU  - Anurag Agrawal
AU  - Williams Agyemang-Duah
AU  - Aqeel Ahmad
AU  - Muayyad M. Ahmad
AU  - Sajjad Ahmad
AU  - Shahzaib Ahmad
AU  - Ali Ahmadi
AU  - Ayman Ahmed
AU  - Haroon Ahmed
AU  - Ibrar Ahmed
AU  - Mohammed Ahmed
AU  - Oli Ahmed
AU  - Sindew Mahmud Ahmed
AU  - Syed Anees Ahmed
AU  - Abdullateef Abiodun Ajadi
AU  - Ruslan Akhmedullin
AU  - Karolina Akinosoglou
AU  - Mohammed Ahmed Al-Kaif
AU  - Ashley E. Akrami
AU  - Hanadi Al Hamad
AU  - Syed Mahfuz Al Hasan
AU  - Muaaz M. Alajlani
AU  - Yazan Al-Ajlouni
AU  - Khurshid Alam
AU  - Mohammad Khursheed Alam
AU  - Nazmul Alam
AU  - Rasmieh Mustafa Al-amer
AU  - Ayman Al-Eyadhy
AU  - Abdelazeem M. Algammal
AU  - Adel Ali Saeed Al-Gheethi
AU  - Fadwa Naji Alhalaiqa
AU  - Endale Alemayehu Ali
AU  - Mohammad Daud Ali
AU  - Mohammed Usman Ali
AU  - Rafat Ali
AU  - Syed Shujait Ali
AU  - Waad Ali
AU  - Akram Al-Ibraheem
AU  - Sheikh Mohammad Alif
AU  - Samah W. Al-Jabi
AU  - Mohamad Aljofan
AU  - Syed Mohamed Aljunid
AU  - Sabah Al-Marwani
AU  - Hesham M. Al-Mekhlafi
AU  - Mohmmad Minwer Alnaeem
AU  - Mahmoud A. Alomari
AU  - Jaber S. Alqahtani
AU  - Abdullah A. Alqarni
AU  - Ahmad Alrawashdeh
AU  - Sahel Majed Alrousan
AU  - Mohammed A. Alsabri
AU  - Najim Z. Alshahrani
AU  - Zaid Altaany
AU  - Awais Altaf
AU  - Khaled Altartoor
AU  - Jaffar A. Al-Tawfiq
AU  - Khalid A. Altirkawi
AU  - Farrukh Jawad Alvi
AU  - Nelson Alvis-Guzman
AU  - Hassan Alwafi
AU  - Mohammad Al-Wardat
AU  - Yaser Mohammed Al-Worafi
AU  - Hany Aly
AU  - Mohammad Sharif Ibrahim Alyahya
AU  - Abdallah Alzoubi
AU  - Karem H. Alzoubi
AU  - Reza Amani
AU  - Isha Amatya
AU  - Amr Amin
AU  - Hubert Amu
AU  - Robert Ancuceanu
AU  - Michael Anderson
AU  - Abhishek Anil
AU  - Adnan Ansar
AU  - Mohammed Tahir Ansari
AU  - Sameera Ansari
AU  - Boluwatife Stephen Anuoluwa
AU  - Iyadunni Adesola Anuoluwa
AU  - Saeid Anvari
AU  - Saleha Anwar
AU  - Anayochukwu Edward Anyasodor
AU  - Geminn Louis Carace Apostol
AU  - Jalal Arabloo
AU  - Elshaimaa A. Arafa
AU  - Mosab Arafat
AU  - Aleksandr Y. Aravkin
AU  - Demelash Areda
AU  - Benedetta Armocida
AU  - Mahwish Arooj
AU  - Idowu Thomas Aruleba
AU  - Ashokan Arumugam
AU  - Akeza Awealom Asgedom
AU  - Mona Asghariahmadabad
AU  - Akram Ashames
AU  - Muhammad Abdul Basit Ashraf
AU  - Tahira Ashraf
AU  - Bernard Kwadwo Yeboah Asiamah-Asare
AU  - Dereje Zewdu Assefa
AU  - Alok Atreya
AU  - Engi Farouk Attia
AU  - Marcel Ausloos
AU  - Lemessa Assefa A. Ayana
AU  - Sadat Abdulla Aziz
AU  - Zaharaddeen Shuaibu Babandi
AU  - Giridhara Rathnaiah Babu
AU  - Muhammad Badar
AU  - Atif Amin Baig
AU  - Aleksandra Barac
AU  - Mainak Bardhan
AU  - Hiba Jawdat Barqawi
AU  - Zarrin Basharat
AU  - Rehana Basri
AU  - Mohammad-Mahdi Bastan
AU  - Mohammad Amin Bayat Tork
AU  - Nebiyou Simegnew Bayleyegn
AU  - Payam Behzadi
AU  - Asnake Gashaw Belayneh
AU  - Muhammad Bashir Bello
AU  - Olorunjuwon Omolaja Bello
AU  - Apostolos Beloukas
AU  - Maryam Bemanalizadeh
AU  - Habib Benzian
AU  - Robert S. Bernstein
AU  - Paulo J. G. Bettencourt
AU  - Kebede A. Beyene
AU  - Ajeet Singh Bhadoria
AU  - Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula
AU  - Pankaj Bhardwaj
AU  - Ashish Bhargava
AU  - Jasvinder Singh Bhatti
AU  - Obasanjo Afolabi Bolarinwa
AU  - Hamed Borhany
AU  - Souad Bouaoud
AU  - Edward J. Boyko
AU  - Hermann Brenner
AU  - Tsion Samuel Bunare
AU  - Yasser Bustanji
AU  - Nadeem Shafique Butt
AU  - Zahid A. Butt
AU  - Mehtap Çakmak Barsbay
AU  - Daniela Calina
AU  - Luis Alberto Cámera
AU  - Ismael Campos-Nonato
AU  - Angelo Capodici
AU  - Joao Mauricio Castaldelli-Maia
AU  - Carlos A. Castañeda-Orjuela
AU  - Luca Cegolon
AU  - Muthia Cenderadewi
AU  - Ester Cerin
AU  - Chiranjib Chakraborty
AU  - Sandip Chakraborty
AU  - Jeffrey Shi Kai Chan
AU  - Eeshwar K. Chandrasekar
AU  - Anis Ahmad Chaudhary
AU  - Hana Chen
AU  - Haowei Chen
AU  - Shanquan Chen
AU  - Esther T. W. Cheng
AU  - Nicholas WS Chew
AU  - Gerald Chi
AU  - Patrick R. Ching
AU  - Jesus Lorenzo Chirinos-Caceres
AU  - Abdulaal Chitheer
AU  - Yuen Yu Chong
AU  - Sonali Gajanan Choudhari
AU  - Sreshtha Chowdhury
AU  - Devasahayam J. Christopher
AU  - Dinh-Toi Chu
AU  - Ting-Wu Chuang
AU  - Isaac Sunday Chukwu
AU  - Sunghyun Chung
AU  - Muhammad Chutiyami
AU  - Aaron J. Cohen
AU  - Joao Conde
AU  - Natalia Cruz-Martins
AU  - Alanna Gomes da Silva
AU  - Nour Dababo
AU  - Omid Dadras
AU  - Siyu Dai
AU  - Xiaochen Dai
AU  - Zhaoli Dai
AU  - Koustuv Dalal
AU  - Samuel Demissie Darcho
AU  - Ana Maria Dascalu
AU  - Cornelius Dassah
AU  - Juana Maria Delgado-Saborit
AU  - Vinoth Gnana Chellaiyan Devanbu
AU  - Pradeep Kumar Devarakonda
AU  - Devananda Devegowda
AU  - Rakhi Dey
AU  - Arkadeep Dhali
AU  - Kuldeep Dhama
AU  - Amol S. Dhane
AU  - Samath Dhamminda Dharmaratne
AU  - Meghnath Dhimal
AU  - Marcello Di Pumpo
AU  - Mostafa Dianatinasab
AU  - Daniel Diaz
AU  - Michael J. Diaz
AU  - Thanh Chi Do
AU  - Thao Huynh Phuong Do
AU  - Sushil Dohare
AU  - Ojas Prakashbhai Doshi
AU  - Robert Kokou Dowou
AU  - Viola Savy Dsouza
AU  - Sulagna Dutta
AU  - Abdel Rahman E’mar
AU  - Hooman Ebrahimi
AU  - Hisham Atan Edinur
AU  - Diyan Ermawan Effendi
AU  - Foolad Eghbali
AU  - Ashkan Eighaei Sedeh
AU  - Taymmia Ejaz
AU  - Temitope Cyrus Ekundayo
AU  - Ibrahim Farahat El Bayoumy
AU  - Omar Abdelsadek Abdou El Meligy
AU  - Mohamed Ahmed Eladl
AU  - Said El-Ashker
AU  - Noha Mousaad Elemam
AU  - Muhammed Elhadi
AU  - Ibrahim Elsohaby
AU  - Chadi Eltaha
AU  - Theophilus I. Emeto
AU  - Talha Bin Emran
AU  - Majid Eslami
AU  - Maysa Eslami
AU  - Sayed Vahid Esmaeili
AU  - Adewale Oluwaseun Fadaka
AU  - Adeniyi Francis Fagbamigbe
AU  - Ayesha Fahim
AU  - Razana Faiz
AU  - Ildar Ravisovich Fakhradiyev
AU  - Mohammad Farahmand
AU  - Mohsen A. Farghaly
AU  - Andre Faro
AU  - Hossein Farrokhpour
AU  - Rana Farsakoury
AU  - Kiana Fasihi
AU  - Modupe Margaret Fasina
AU  - Zareen Fatima
AU  - Nelsensius Klau Fauk
AU  - Pietro Ferrara
AU  - Nuno Ferreira
AU  - Florian Fischer
AU  - Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan
AU  - Marco Fonzo
AU  - Arianna Fornari
AU  - Daniela Fortuna
AU  - Matteo Foschi
AU  - Maryam Fotouhi
AU  - Jinming Fu
AU  - G. Sridevi
AU  - Muktar A. Gadanya
AU  - Abduzhappar Gaipov
AU  - Silvano Gallus
AU  - Aravind P. Gandhi
AU  - Balasankar Ganesan
AU  - Zisis Gatzioufas
AU  - Rupesh K. Gautam
AU  - Miglas Welay Gebregergis
AU  - Molla Getie
AU  - Delaram J. Ghadimi
AU  - Seyyed-Hadi Ghamari
AU  - Ramy Mohamed Ghazy
AU  - Gloria Gheno
AU  - Maryam Gholamalizadeh
AU  - Ali Gholamrezanezhad
AU  - Elena Ghotbi
AU  - Arun Ghuge
AU  - Artyom Urievich Gil
AU  - Richard F. Gillum
AU  - Alem Abera Girmay
AU  - Mahaveer Golechha
AU  - MReza Goodarzian
AU  - Amador Goodridge
AU  - Ayman Grada
AU  - Michal Grivna
AU  - Ashna Grover
AU  - Zhongyang Guan
AU  - Giovanni Guarducci
AU  - Mohammed Ibrahim Mohialdeen Gubari
AU  - Stefano Guicciardi
AU  - Snigdha Gulati
AU  - Damitha Asanga Gunawardane
AU  - Cui Guo
AU  - Anish Kumar Gupta
AU  - Bhawna Gupta
AU  - Lalit Gupta
AU  - Rajeev Gupta
AU  - Veer Bala Gupta
AU  - Vivek Kumar Gupta
AU  - Roberth Steven Gutiérrez-Murillo
AU  - Farrokh Habibzadeh
AU  - Mostafa Hadei
AU  - Dariush Haghmorad
AU  - Sebastian Haller
AU  - Rabih Halwani
AU  - Nadia M. Hamdy
AU  - Ahmad Hammoud
AU  - Changwoo Han
AU  - Fahad Hanna
AU  - Arief Hargono
AU  - Josep Maria Haro
AU  - Md. Kamrul Hasan
AU  - Mohammad Jahid Hasan
AU  - Hamidreza Hasani
AU  - Ali Hasanpour-Dehkordi
AU  - Nageeb Hassan
AU  - Shoaib Hassan
AU  - Johannes Haubold
AU  - Jiawei He
AU  - Wen-Qiang He
AU  - Behzad Heibati
AU  - Bartosz Helfer
AU  - Mehdi Hemmati
AU  - Yuta Hiraike
AU  - Minh Hoang
AU  - Ramesh Holla
AU  - Nobuyuki Horita
AU  - Sabbir Hossain
AU  - Md. Belal Hossain
AU  - Mehdi Hosseinzadeh
AU  - Sorin Hostiuc
AU  - Vivian Chia-rong Hsieh
AU  - Junjie Huang
AU  - Ayesha Humayun
AU  - Tsegaye Gebreyes Hundie
AU  - Kiavash Hushmandi
AU  - Javid Hussain
AU  - Nawfal R. Hussein
AU  - Mohamed Ibrahim Husseiny
AU  - Le Duc Huy
AU  - Hong-Han Huynh
AU  - Bing-Fang Hwang
AU  - Ivo Iavicoli
AU  - Segun Emmanuel Ibitoye
AU  - Anel Ibrayeva
AU  - Kevin S. Ikuta
AU  - Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi
AU  - Irena M. Ilic
AU  - Milena D. Ilic
AU  - Mustapha Immurana
AU  - Arit Inok
AU  - Muhammad Iqhrammullah
AU  - Mustafa Alhaji Isa
AU  - Md. Rabiul Islam
AU  - Nahlah Elkudssiah Ismail
AU  - Zhanat Bakhitovna Ispayeva
AU  - Assefa N. Iyasu
AU  - Mahalaxmi Iyer
AU  - Vinothini J
AU  - Louis Jacob
AU  - Abdollah Jafarzadeh
AU  - Haitham Jahrami
AU  - Nityanand Jain
AU  - Vikash Jaiswal
AU  - Mihajlo Jakovljevic
AU  - Sepide Javankiani
AU  - Talha Jawaid
AU  - Sathish Kumar Jayapal
AU  - Shubha Jayaram
AU  - Felix K. Jebasingh
AU  - Sun Ha Jee
AU  - Ravi Prakash Jha
AU  - Yusheng Jia
AU  - Wenyi Jin
AU  - Jost B. Jonas
AU  - Tamas Joo
AU  - Jobinse Jose
AU  - Nitin Joseph
AU  - Anupam Jyoti
AU  - Vaishali K
AU  - Billingsley Kaambwa
AU  - Zubair Kabir
AU  - Gebisa Guyasa Kabito
AU  - Rajesh Kamath
AU  - Saddam Fuad Kanaan
AU  - Samuel Berchi Kankam
AU  - Edmund Wedam Kanmiki
AU  - Kehinde Kazeem Kanmodi
AU  - Surya Kant
AU  - Rami S. Kantar
AU  - Srikanta Kanungo
AU  - Arman Karimi Behnagh
AU  - Joonas H. Kauppila
AU  - Foad Kazemi
AU  - Peter Njenga Keiyoro
AU  - Yousef Saleh Khader
AU  - Himanshu Khajuria
AU  - Hazim O. Khalifa
AU  - Alireza Khalilian
AU  - Faham Khamesipour
AU  - M. Nuruzzaman Khan
AU  - Maseer Khan
AU  - Mohammad Jobair Khan
AU  - Moien AB Khan
AU  - Vishnu Khanal
AU  - Khaled Khatab
AU  - Moawiah Mohammad Khatatbeh
AU  - Feriha Fatima Khidri
AU  - Majid Khosravi
AU  - Kwanghyun Kim
AU  - Yun Jin Kim
AU  - Ruth W. Kimokoti
AU  - Tadele Kinati
AU  - Adnan Kisa
AU  - Sezer Kisa
AU  - Mika Kivimäki
AU  - Luke D. Knibbs
AU  - Ali-Asghar Kolahi
AU  - Farzad Kompani
AU  - Isaac Koomson
AU  - Vladimir Andreevich Korshunov
AU  - Oleksii Korzh
AU  - Karel Kostev
AU  - Nikhil Kothari
AU  - Kewal Krishan
AU  - Neoklis Kritikos
AU  - Mohammed Kuddus
AU  - Ilari Kuitunen
AU  - Mukhtar Kulimbet
AU  - Dewesh Kumar
AU  - Jogender Kumar
AU  - Rakesh Kumar
AU  - Satyajit Kundu
AU  - Setor K. Kunutsor
AU  - Almagul Kurmanova
AU  - Om P. Kurmi
AU  - Maria Dyah Kurniasari
AU  - Frank Kyei-Arthur
AU  - Ville Kytö
AU  - Carlo La Vecchia
AU  - Muhammad Awwal Ladan
AU  - Chandrakant Lahariya
AU  - Hanpeng Lai
AU  - Judit Lám
AU  - Qing Lan
AU  - Francesco Lanfranchi
AU  - Kamaluddin Latief
AU  - Kaveh Latifinaibin
AU  - Paolo Lauriola
AU  - Huu-Hoai Le
AU  - Nhi Huu Hanh Le
AU  - Thao Thi Thu Le
AU  - Trang Diep Thanh Le
AU  - Caterina Ledda
AU  - Seung Won Lee
AU  - Wei-Chen Lee
AU  - Vasileios Leivaditis
AU  - Elvynna Leong
AU  - Jiaying Li
AU  - Ming-Chieh Li
AU  - Wei Li
AU  - Virendra S. Ligade
AU  - Stephen S. Lim
AU  - Jialing Lin
AU  - Queran Lin
AU  - Ro-Ting Lin
AU  - Chaojie Liu
AU  - Gang Liu
AU  - Jue Liu
AU  - Xuefeng Liu
AU  - José Francisco López-Gil
AU  - Platon D. Lopukhov
AU  - Paulo A. Lotufo
AU  - Giancarlo Lucchetti
AU  - Alessandra Lugo
AU  - Hong Luo
AU  - Zheng Feei Ma
AU  - Mahmoud Mabrok
AU  - Firoozeh Madadi
AU  - Mehrdad Mahalleh
AU  - Iram Malik
AU  - Andrei Malinovschi
AU  - Deborah Carvalho Malta
AU  - Abdullah A. Mamun
AU  - Yosef Manla
AU  - Kamaruddeen Mannethodi
AU  - Vahid Mansouri
AU  - Lorenzo Giovanni Mantovani
AU  - Emmanuel Manu
AU  - Bishnu P. Marasini
AU  - Hamid Reza Marateb
AU  - Bernardo Alfonso Martinez-Guerra
AU  - Santi Martini
AU  - Miquel Martorell
AU  - Winfried März
AU  - Roy Rillera Marzo
AU  - Sammer Marzouk
AU  - Alireza Masoudi
AU  - Yasith Mathangasinghe
AU  - Alexander G. Mathioudakis
AU  - Medha Mathur
AU  - Fernanda Penido Matozinhos
AU  - Rita Mattiello
AU  - Richard James Maude
AU  - Andrea Maugeri
AU  - Juergen May
AU  - Steven M. McPhail
AU  - Enkeleint A. Mechili
AU  - Asim Mehmood
AU  - Tesfahun Mekene Meto
AU  - Hadush Negash Meles
AU  - Addisu Melese
AU  - Endalkachew Belayneh Melese
AU  - Ritesh G. Menezes
AU  - Alexios-Fotios A. Mentis
AU  - Mohsen Merati
AU  - Atte Meretoja
AU  - Tuomo J. Meretoja
AU  - Tomislav Mestrovic
AU  - Chamila Dinushi Kukulege Mettananda
AU  - Sachith Mettananda
AU  - Adquate Mhlanga
AU  - Laurette Mhlanga
AU  - Ted R. Miller
AU  - Giuseppe Minervini
AU  - Le Huu Nhat Minh
AU  - GK Mini
AU  - Awoke Misganaw
AU  - Arup Kumar Misra
AU  - Ankit Mittal
AU  - Madhukar Mittal
AU  - Nouh Saad Mohamed
AU  - Ameen Mosa Mohammad
AU  - Ibrahim Mohammadzadeh
AU  - Mustapha Mohammed
AU  - Aleenah Mohsin
AU  - Ali H. Mokdad
AU  - Sabrina Molinaro
AU  - Shaher Momani
AU  - Lorenzo Monasta
AU  - AmirAli Moodi Ghalibaf
AU  - Maryam Moradi
AU  - Yousef Moradi
AU  - Lidia Morawska
AU  - Freiser Eceomo Cruz Mosquera
AU  - Elias Mossialos
AU  - Parsa Mousavi
AU  - Ahmed Msherghi
AU  - Lorenzo Muccioli
AU  - Sumoni Mukherjee
AU  - George Duke Mukoro
AU  - Francesk Mulita
AU  - Yanjinlkham Munkhsaikhan
AU  - Efren Murillo-Zamora
AU  - Christopher J. L. Murray
AU  - Ghulam Mustafa
AU  - Saravanan Muthupandian
AU  - Woojae Myung
AU  - Mohsen Naghavi
AU  - Pirouz Naghavi
AU  - Ganesh R. Naik
AU  - Gurudatta Naik
AU  - Firzan Nainu
AU  - Soroush Najdaghi
AU  - Gopal Nambi
AU  - Vinay Nangia
AU  - Sreenivas Narasimha Swamy
AU  - Shumaila Nargus
AU  - Delaram Narimani Davani
AU  - Gustavo G. Nascimento
AU  - Abdulqadir J. Nashwan
AU  - Ali Nasrollahizadeh
AU  - Amir Nasrollahizadeh
AU  - Zuhair S. Natto
AU  - Javaid Nauman
AU  - Samidi Nirasha Kumari Navaratna
AU  - Biswa Prakash Nayak
AU  - Shalini Ganesh Nayak
AU  - Vinod C. Nayak
AU  - Ashish Kumar Nayyar
AU  - Athare Nazri-Panjaki
AU  - Masoud Negahdary
AU  - Ionut Negoi
AU  - Ruxandra Irina Negoi
AU  - Samata Nepal
AU  - Josephine W. Ngunjiri
AU  - Dang Nguyen
AU  - Hau Thi Hien Nguyen
AU  - Phuong The Nguyen
AU  - Van Thanh Nguyen
AU  - Quan Nguyen Khoi
AU  - Nafise Niknam
AU  - Ali Nikoobar
AU  - Nasrin Nikravangolsefid
AU  - Chukwudi A. Nnaji
AU  - Shuhei Nomura
AU  - Chisom Adaobi Nri-Ezedi
AU  - Mengistu H. Nunemo
AU  - Dieta Nurrika
AU  - Bogdan Oancea
AU  - Mary Aigbiremo Oboh
AU  - Ismail A. Odetokun
AU  - Michael Safo Oduro
AU  - Akinyemi O. D. Ofakunrin
AU  - Oluwaseun Adeolu Ogundijo
AU  - Tolulope R. Ojo-Akosile
AU  - Sylvester Reuben Okeke
AU  - Akinkunmi Paul Okekunle
AU  - Osaretin Christabel Okonji
AU  - Patrick Godwin Okwute
AU  - Andrew T. Olagunju
AU  - Matthew Idowu Olatubi
AU  - Goran Latif Omer
AU  - Sok King Ong
AU  - Michal Ordak
AU  - Verner N. Orish
AU  - Alberto Ortiz
AU  - Esteban Ortiz-Prado
AU  - Uchechukwu Levi Osuagwu
AU  - Amel Ouyahia
AU  - Tope Oyelade
AU  - Mahesh P. A
AU  - Alicia Padron-Monedero
AU  - Songhomitra Panda-Jonas
AU  - Seithikurippu R. Pandi-Perumal
AU  - Georgios D. Panos
AU  - Leonidas D. Panos
AU  - Paraskevi Papadopoulou
AU  - Pragyan Paramita Parija
AU  - Romil R. Parikh
AU  - Eun-Kee Park
AU  - Sungchul Park
AU  - S. Yasamin Parvar
AU  - Maja Pasovic
AU  - Roberto Passera
AU  - Shankargouda Patil
AU  - Dimitrios Patoulias
AU  - Uttam Paudel
AU  - Paolo Pedersini
AU  - Veincent Christian Filipino Pepito
AU  - Prince Peprah
AU  - Arokiasamy Perianayagam
AU  - Simone Perna
AU  - Fanny Emily Petermann-Rocha
AU  - Hoang Nhat Pham
AU  - Tom Pham
AU  - Anil K. Philip
AU  - Dimitri Poddighe
AU  - Roman V. Polibin
AU  - Arjun Pon Avudaiappan
AU  - Maarten J. Postma
AU  - Farzad Pourghazi
AU  - Akram Pourshams
AU  - Akila Prashant
AU  - Elton Junio Sady Prates
AU  - Jagadeesh Puvvula
AU  - Nameer Hashim Qasim
AU  - Asma Saleem Qazi
AU  - Jia-Yong Qiu
AU  - R. Deepthi
AU  - Venkatraman Radhakrishnan
AU  - Alireza Rafiei
AU  - Zahra Rahimi
AU  - Md. Mosfequr Rahman
AU  - Mohammad Hifz Ur Rahman
AU  - Mosiur Rahman
AU  - Muhammad Aziz Rahman
AU  - Mohammad Rahmanian
AU  - Sunil Kumar Raina
AU  - Sathish Rajaa
AU  - Abin K. Rajan
AU  - Vinoth Rajendran
AU  - Prashant Rajput
AU  - Mahmoud Mohammed Ramadan
AU  - Chitra Ramasamy
AU  - Shakthi Kumaran Ramasamy
AU  - Sheena Ramazanu
AU  - Kiana Ramezanzadeh
AU  - Kritika Rana
AU  - Chhabi Lal Ranabhat
AU  - Nemanja Rancic
AU  - Usha Rani
AU  - Mithun Rao
AU  - Vahid Rashedi
AU  - Ahmed Mustafa Rashid
AU  - Mohammad-Mahdi Rashidi
AU  - Devarajan Rathish
AU  - Santosh Kumar Rauniyar
AU  - Salman Rawaf
AU  - Lal Rawal
AU  - Elrashdy M. Redwan
AU  - Aqeeb Ur Rehman
AU  - Luis Felipe Reyes
AU  - Nazila Rezaei
AU  - Mohsen Rezaeian
AU  - Hermano Alexandre Lima Rocha
AU  - Thales Philipe Rodrigues da Silva
AU  - Jefferson Antonio Buendia Rodriguez
AU  - Leonardo Roever
AU  - Ravi Rohilla
AU  - Mohsen Rokni
AU  - Luca Ronfani
AU  - Moustaq Karim Khan Rony
AU  - Himanshu Sekhar Rout
AU  - Nitai Roy
AU  - Priyanka Roy
AU  - Shubhanjali Roy
AU  - Simanta Roy
AU  - Tilleye Runghien
AU  - Adnan Saadeddin
AU  - Farrukh Ishaque I. Saah
AU  - Maha Mohamed Saber-Ayad
AU  - Cameron John Sabet
AU  - Siamak Sabour
AU  - Basema Ahmad Saddik
AU  - Mohd Saeed
AU  - Umar Saeed
AU  - Maryam Saeedi
AU  - Mehdi Safari
AU  - Alireza Saghafi
AU  - Dominic Sagoe
AU  - Fatemeh Saheb Sharif-Askari
AU  - Narjes Saheb Sharif-Askari
AU  - Amirhossein Sahebkar
AU  - Pragyan Monalisa Sahoo
AU  - Soumya Swaroop Sahoo
AU  - S. Mohammad Sajadi
AU  - Refat Uz Zaman Sajib
AU  - Mirza Rizwan Sajid
AU  - Luciane B. Salaroli
AU  - Mohamed A. Saleh
AU  - Aanuoluwa James Salemcity
AU  - Sohrab Salimi
AU  - Jayami Eshana Samaranayake
AU  - Saad Samargandy
AU  - Waqas Sami
AU  - Abdallah M. Samy
AU  - Sathish Sankar
AU  - Milena M. Santric-Milicevic
AU  - Bruno Piassi Sao Jose
AU  - Aswini Saravanan
AU  - Gargi Sachin Sarode
AU  - Sachin C. Sarode
AU  - Benn Sartorius
AU  - Brijesh Sathian
AU  - Anudeep Sathyanarayan
AU  - Maheswar Satpathy
AU  - Jennifer Saulam
AU  - Monika Sawhney
AU  - Ganesh Kumar Saya
AU  - Abu Sayeed
AU  - Benedikt Michael Schaarschmidt
AU  - Christophe Schinckus
AU  - Ione Jayce Ceola Schneider
AU  - Mansour Sedighi
AU  - Siddharthan Selvaraj
AU  - Ashenafi Kibret Sendekie
AU  - Pallav Sengupta
AU  - Dragos Serban
AU  - Yashendra Sethi
AU  - Abubakar Sha’aban
AU  - Mahan Shafie
AU  - Muhammad Shahab
AU  - Shazlin Shaharudin
AU  - Samiah Shahid
AU  - Moyad Jamal Shahwan
AU  - Masood Ali Shaikh
AU  - Alireza Shakeri
AU  - Muhammad Aaqib Shamim
AU  - Mehran Shams-Beyranvand
AU  - Mohammad Ali Shamshirgaran
AU  - Anas Shamsi
AU  - Alfiya Shamsutdinova
AU  - Nigussie Tadesse Sharew
AU  - Sadaf Sharfaei
AU  - Amin Sharifan
AU  - Javad Sharifi Rad
AU  - Manoj Sharma
AU  - Vishal Sharma
AU  - Rajesh P. Shastry
AU  - Rekha Raghuveer Shenoy
AU  - Samendra P. Sherchan
AU  - Pavanchand H. Shetty
AU  - Premalatha K. Shetty
AU  - Desalegn Shiferaw
AU  - Mika Shigematsu
AU  - Aminu Shittu
AU  - Zahra Shokati Eshkiki
AU  - Sina Shool
AU  - Sunil Shrestha
AU  - Yafei Si
AU  - Emmanuel Edwar Siddig
AU  - Mohammad Sidiq
AU  - Luís Manuel Lopes Rodrigues Silva
AU  - Amit Singh
AU  - Baljinder Singh
AU  - Harmanjit Singh
AU  - Jasvinder A. Singh
AU  - Kalpana Singh
AU  - Surjit Singh
AU  - Mukesh Kumar Sinha
AU  - Robert Sinto
AU  - Anna Aleksandrovna Skryabina
AU  - Farrukh Sobia
AU  - Anton Sokhan
AU  - Shipra Solanki
AU  - Solikhah Solikhah
AU  - Sameh S. M. Soliman
AU  - Aayushi Sood
AU  - Soroush Soraneh
AU  - Reed J. D. Sorensen
AU  - Joan B. Soriano
AU  - Ireneous N. Soyiri
AU  - Michael Spartalis
AU  - Sandra Spearman
AU  - Bahadar S. Srichawla
AU  - Paschalis Steiropoulos
AU  - Leo Stockfelt
AU  - Vetriselvan Subramaniyan
AU  - Jing Sun
AU  - Zhong Sun
AU  - Vinay Suresh
AU  - Chandan Kumar Swain
AU  - Lukasz Szarpak
AU  - Seyyed Mohammad Tabatabaei
AU  - Seyed-Amir Tabatabaeizadeh
AU  - Celine Tabche
AU  - Mohammad Tabish
AU  - Seyed Reza Taha
AU  - Yasaman Taheri Abkenar
AU  - Jabeen Taiba
AU  - Iman M. Talaat
AU  - Jacques Lukenze Tamuzi
AU  - Ker-Kan Tan
AU  - Nathan Y. Tat
AU  - Seyed Mohammad Tavangar
AU  - Animut Takele Telayneh
AU  - Worku Animaw Temesgen
AU  - Mohamad-Hani Temsah
AU  - Kavumpurathu Raman Thankappan
AU  - Mahalakshmi Thayumana Sundaram
AU  - Sathish Thirunavukkarasu
AU  - Krishna Tiwari
AU  - Vikas Kumar Tiwari
AU  - Sojit Tomo
AU  - Roman Topor-Madry
AU  - Jasmine T. Tran
AU  - Ngoc Ha Tran
AU  - Quynh Thuy Huong Tran
AU  - Thang Huu Tran
AU  - Domenico Trico
AU  - Jaya Prasad Tripathy
AU  - Samuel Joseph Tromans
AU  - Thien Tan Tri Tai Truyen
AU  - Munkhtuya Tumurkhuu
AU  - Aniefiok John Udoakang
AU  - Atta Ullah
AU  - Irfan Ullah
AU  - Saeed Ullah
AU  - Umar Muhammad Umar
AU  - Eduardo A. Undurraga
AU  - Brigid Unim
AU  - Bhaskaran Unnikrishnan
AU  - Era Upadhyay
AU  - Dipan Uppal
AU  - Jibrin Sammani Usman
AU  - Jef Van den Eynde
AU  - Tommi Juhani Vasankari
AU  - Balachandar Vellingiri
AU  - Madhur Verma
AU  - Massimiliano Veroux
AU  - Georgios-Ioannis Verras
AU  - Simone Villa
AU  - Jorge Hugo Villafañe
AU  - Francesco S. Violante
AU  - Xing Wang
AU  - Yanzhong Wang
AU  - Ahmed Bilal Waqar
AU  - Muhammad Waqas
AU  - Ronny Westerman
AU  - Anggi Lukman Wicaksana
AU  - Dakshitha Praneeth Wickramasinghe
AU  - Peter Willeit
AU  - Marcin W. Wojewodzic
AU  - Yihun Miskir Wubie
AU  - Sarah Wulf Hanson
AU  - Zhijia Xia
AU  - Lishun Xiao
AU  - Xiaoyue Xu
AU  - Mingyang Xue
AU  - Lalit Yadav
AU  - Mukesh Kumar Yadav
AU  - Yuichiro Yano
AU  - Yuichi Yasufuku
AU  - Sanni Yaya
AU  - Pengpeng Ye
AU  - Saber Yezli
AU  - Naohiro Yonemoto
AU  - Mohammed Youssef
AU  - Chuanhua Yu
AU  - Fathiah Zakham
AU  - Nazar Zaki
AU  - Michael Zastrozhin
AU  - Mohammed Zawiah
AU  - Jingya Zhang
AU  - Yunquan Zhang
AU  - Zhi-Jiang Zhang
AU  - Jinxin Zheng
AU  - Anthony Zhong
AU  - Claire Chenwen Zhong
AU  - Jiayan Zhou
AU  - Bin Zhu
AU  - Abzal Zhumagaliuly
AU  - Hafsa Zia
AU  - Magdalena Zielińska
AU  - Osama A. Zitoun
AU  - Ghazal Zoghi
AU  - Sa’ed H. Zyoud
AU  - Samer H. Zyoud
AU  - Simon I. Hay
AU  - Jae Il Shin
AU  - Dong Keon Yon
PY  - 2026
JO  - Nature Medicine
DO  - 10.1038/s41591-025-04077-9
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-025-04077-9
ER  - 

APA

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