Rapid expansion of genotype D1.1 A(H5N1) influenza viruses in wild birds across North America during the 2024 migratory season.

Harrington WN, Signore A, Kercher L, Giacinti JA, Kandeil A, Ahlstrom CA, Bevins S, Crossley B, Eure K, Fabrizio TP, Jeevan T, Lenoch J, Nolting JM, Rejmanek D, Stallknecht D, Bollinger T, Buck EJ, Carter D, Cohen BS, Dilione KE, Feddersen JC, Franks J, Goldsmith D, Highway CJ, Himsworth C, Holmes LP, Jardine C, Jahid MJ, Link P, Miller L, Nemeth NM, Owsiany M, Pybus M, Scott LC, Sharp C, Smith L, Steelman NJ, Stevens B, Berhane Y, Torchetti M, Ramey AM, Poulson R, Webby RJ

Open source

DOI: 10.1038/s41591-026-04300-1
Published: 2026 May
Container: Nature medicine
Publisher: Not recorded
Open access: yes

Credibility signals

limited evidence Score 45/100 under policy 1.0.0. This is a metadata assessment, not a judgment of the paper's conclusions.

Show all credibility signals

cautionDOI registered: No matching Crossref record was present in this response. Source: Crossref; license: CC0 metadata
cautionDOI resolves: No matching Crossref record was present in this response. Source: Crossref; license: CC0 metadata
not scoredDirectory of Open Access Journals: No matching DOAJ record was present in this response. No allow-list match; this is not evidence of low credibility. Source: DOAJ; license: CC0
not scoredMEDLINE indexed: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made. Source: No authority result supplied; license: Unknown
not scoredOpenAlex core source: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made. Source: No authority result supplied; license: Unknown
not scoredKnown publisher allow-list: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made. Source: No authority result supplied; license: Unknown
not scoredROR affiliation: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made. Source: No authority result supplied; license: Unknown
not scoredRetraction Watch retraction: No retraction notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete. Source: Retraction Watch; license: CC BY 4.0
not scoredRetraction Watch expression of concern: No expression of concern notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete. Source: Retraction Watch; license: CC BY 4.0
not scoredRetraction Watch correction: No correction notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete. Source: Retraction Watch; license: CC BY 4.0
not scoredRetraction Watch reinstatement: No reinstatement notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete. Source: Retraction Watch; license: CC BY 4.0
supportingOpen access status: Normalized open-access status: open. Source: Normalized work metadata; license: Caller-provided; provenance license not supplied to scorer
not scoredPublication license: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made. Source: No authority result supplied; license: Unknown
not scoredPublication version: A publication version was supplied but is not scored. Source: Normalized work metadata; license: Caller-provided; provenance license not supplied to scorer
cautionMetadata completeness: 5 of 6 scored descriptive metadata groups are present; missing fields increase uncertainty. Source: Normalized work metadata; license: Caller-provided; provenance license not supplied to scorer

Cite this work

BibTeX

@article{allodium:10.1038/s41591-026-04300-1,
  title = {Rapid expansion of genotype D1.1 A(H5N1) influenza viruses in wild birds across North America during the 2024 migratory season.},
  author = {Harrington WN and Signore A and Kercher L and Giacinti JA and Kandeil A and Ahlstrom CA and Bevins S and Crossley B and Eure K and Fabrizio TP and Jeevan T and Lenoch J and Nolting JM and Rejmanek D and Stallknecht D and Bollinger T and Buck EJ and Carter D and Cohen BS and Dilione KE and Feddersen JC and Franks J and Goldsmith D and Highway CJ and Himsworth C and Holmes LP and Jardine C and Jahid MJ and Link P and Miller L and Nemeth NM and Owsiany M and Pybus M and Scott LC and Sharp C and Smith L and Steelman NJ and Stevens B and Berhane Y and Torchetti M and Ramey AM and Poulson R and Webby RJ},
  year = {2026},
  journal = {Nature medicine},
  doi = {10.1038/s41591-026-04300-1},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-026-04300-1}
}

RIS

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Rapid expansion of genotype D1.1 A(H5N1) influenza viruses in wild birds across North America during the 2024 migratory season.
AU  - Harrington WN
AU  - Signore A
AU  - Kercher L
AU  - Giacinti JA
AU  - Kandeil A
AU  - Ahlstrom CA
AU  - Bevins S
AU  - Crossley B
AU  - Eure K
AU  - Fabrizio TP
AU  - Jeevan T
AU  - Lenoch J
AU  - Nolting JM
AU  - Rejmanek D
AU  - Stallknecht D
AU  - Bollinger T
AU  - Buck EJ
AU  - Carter D
AU  - Cohen BS
AU  - Dilione KE
AU  - Feddersen JC
AU  - Franks J
AU  - Goldsmith D
AU  - Highway CJ
AU  - Himsworth C
AU  - Holmes LP
AU  - Jardine C
AU  - Jahid MJ
AU  - Link P
AU  - Miller L
AU  - Nemeth NM
AU  - Owsiany M
AU  - Pybus M
AU  - Scott LC
AU  - Sharp C
AU  - Smith L
AU  - Steelman NJ
AU  - Stevens B
AU  - Berhane Y
AU  - Torchetti M
AU  - Ramey AM
AU  - Poulson R
AU  - Webby RJ
PY  - 2026
JO  - Nature medicine
DO  - 10.1038/s41591-026-04300-1
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-026-04300-1
ER  -

APA

WN, H., A, S., L, K., JA, G., A, K., CA, A., S, B., B, C., K, E., TP, F., T, J., J, L., JM, N., D, R., D, S., T, B., EJ, B., D, C., BS, C., KE, D., JC, F., J, F., D, G., CJ, H., C, H., LP, H., C, J., MJ, J., P, L., L, M., NM, N., M, O., M, P., LC, S., C, S., L, S., NJ, S., B, S., Y, B., M, T., AM, R., R, P., & RJ, W. (2026). Rapid expansion of genotype D1.1 A(H5N1) influenza viruses in wild birds across North America during the 2024 migratory season.. Nature medicine. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-026-04300-1

Source records

pubmed · retrieved 2026-09-26T07:41:33.522Z