A distributionally robust bilevel optimization model for wholesale-retail electricity market design.

Jia X, Ji P, Chen F, Deng H, Chen M, Zhuang X, Qi X, Tan Z

DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-29971-7
Published: 2026 Jan 13
Container: Scientific reports
Publisher: Not recorded
Open access: yes

Credibility signals

limited evidence Score 45/100 under policy 1.0.0. This is a metadata assessment, not a judgment of the paper's conclusions.

Show all credibility signals

cautionDOI registered: No matching Crossref record was present in this response. Source: Crossref; license: CC0 metadata
cautionDOI resolves: No matching Crossref record was present in this response. Source: Crossref; license: CC0 metadata
not scoredDirectory of Open Access Journals: No matching DOAJ record was present in this response. No allow-list match; this is not evidence of low credibility. Source: DOAJ; license: CC0
not scoredMEDLINE indexed: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made. Source: No authority result supplied; license: Unknown
not scoredOpenAlex core source: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made. Source: No authority result supplied; license: Unknown
not scoredKnown publisher allow-list: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made. Source: No authority result supplied; license: Unknown
not scoredROR affiliation: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made. Source: No authority result supplied; license: Unknown
not scoredRetraction Watch retraction: No retraction notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete. Source: Retraction Watch; license: CC BY 4.0
not scoredRetraction Watch expression of concern: No expression of concern notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete. Source: Retraction Watch; license: CC BY 4.0
not scoredRetraction Watch correction: No correction notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete. Source: Retraction Watch; license: CC BY 4.0
not scoredRetraction Watch reinstatement: No reinstatement notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete. Source: Retraction Watch; license: CC BY 4.0
supportingOpen access status: Normalized open-access status: open. Source: Normalized work metadata; license: Caller-provided; provenance license not supplied to scorer
not scoredPublication license: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made. Source: No authority result supplied; license: Unknown
not scoredPublication version: A publication version was supplied but is not scored. Source: Normalized work metadata; license: Caller-provided; provenance license not supplied to scorer
cautionMetadata completeness: 5 of 6 scored descriptive metadata groups are present; missing fields increase uncertainty. Source: Normalized work metadata; license: Caller-provided; provenance license not supplied to scorer

Cite this work

BibTeX

@article{allodium:10.1038/s41598-025-29971-7,
  title = {A distributionally robust bilevel optimization model for wholesale-retail electricity market design.},
  author = {Jia X and Ji P and Chen F and Deng H and Chen M and Zhuang X and Qi X and Tan Z},
  year = {2026},
  journal = {Scientific reports},
  doi = {10.1038/s41598-025-29971-7},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-29971-7}
}

RIS

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A distributionally robust bilevel optimization model for wholesale-retail electricity market design.
AU  - Jia X
AU  - Ji P
AU  - Chen F
AU  - Deng H
AU  - Chen M
AU  - Zhuang X
AU  - Qi X
AU  - Tan Z
PY  - 2026
JO  - Scientific reports
DO  - 10.1038/s41598-025-29971-7
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-29971-7
ER  -

APA

X, J., P, J., F, C., H, D., M, C., X, Z., X, Q., & Z, T. (2026). A distributionally robust bilevel optimization model for wholesale-retail electricity market design.. Scientific reports. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-29971-7

Source records

pubmed · retrieved 2026-09-25T18:36:03.491Z