Multicenter evaluation of four large language models for automated spine imaging diagnosis.

Liu H, Zhang H, Wei H, Wei Y, Liu X, Wei Y, Liu T, Tan X, Ma X

DOI: 10.1038/s41746-026-03133-z
Published: 2026 Aug 8
Container: NPJ digital medicine
Publisher: Not recorded
Open access: yes

Credibility signals

limited evidence Score 45/100 under policy 1.0.0. This is a metadata assessment, not a judgment of the paper's conclusions.

Show all credibility signals

cautionDOI registered: No matching Crossref record was present in this response. Source: Crossref; license: CC0 metadata
cautionDOI resolves: No matching Crossref record was present in this response. Source: Crossref; license: CC0 metadata
not scoredDirectory of Open Access Journals: No matching DOAJ record was present in this response. No allow-list match; this is not evidence of low credibility. Source: DOAJ; license: CC0
not scoredMEDLINE indexed: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made. Source: No authority result supplied; license: Unknown
not scoredOpenAlex core source: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made. Source: No authority result supplied; license: Unknown
not scoredKnown publisher allow-list: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made. Source: No authority result supplied; license: Unknown
not scoredROR affiliation: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made. Source: No authority result supplied; license: Unknown
not scoredRetraction Watch retraction: No retraction notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete. Source: Retraction Watch; license: CC BY 4.0
not scoredRetraction Watch expression of concern: No expression of concern notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete. Source: Retraction Watch; license: CC BY 4.0
not scoredRetraction Watch correction: No correction notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete. Source: Retraction Watch; license: CC BY 4.0
not scoredRetraction Watch reinstatement: No reinstatement notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete. Source: Retraction Watch; license: CC BY 4.0
supportingOpen access status: Normalized open-access status: open. Source: Normalized work metadata; license: Caller-provided; provenance license not supplied to scorer
not scoredPublication license: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made. Source: No authority result supplied; license: Unknown
not scoredPublication version: A publication version was supplied but is not scored. Source: Normalized work metadata; license: Caller-provided; provenance license not supplied to scorer
cautionMetadata completeness: 5 of 6 scored descriptive metadata groups are present; missing fields increase uncertainty. Source: Normalized work metadata; license: Caller-provided; provenance license not supplied to scorer

Cite this work

BibTeX

@article{allodium:10.1038/s41746-026-03133-z,
  title = {Multicenter evaluation of four large language models for automated spine imaging diagnosis.},
  author = {Liu H and Zhang H and Wei H and Wei Y and Liu X and Wei Y and Liu T and Tan X and Ma X},
  year = {2026},
  journal = {NPJ digital medicine},
  doi = {10.1038/s41746-026-03133-z},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-026-03133-z}
}

RIS

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Multicenter evaluation of four large language models for automated spine imaging diagnosis.
AU  - Liu H
AU  - Zhang H
AU  - Wei H
AU  - Wei Y
AU  - Liu X
AU  - Wei Y
AU  - Liu T
AU  - Tan X
AU  - Ma X
PY  - 2026
JO  - NPJ digital medicine
DO  - 10.1038/s41746-026-03133-z
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-026-03133-z
ER  -

APA

H, L., H, Z., H, W., Y, W., X, L., Y, W., T, L., X, T., & X, M. (2026). Multicenter evaluation of four large language models for automated spine imaging diagnosis.. NPJ digital medicine. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-026-03133-z

Source records

pubmed · retrieved 2026-09-27T07:08:06.958Z