The psychology of offensive and defensive intergroup violence: Preregistered insights from 58 countries.

Kunst JR, Besta T, Jaśkiewicz M, Gajda AN, Sanden M, Flatebø MM, Adebayo SO, Adonis M, Agyemang CB, Boateng RA, Akfirat SA, Al-Adawi S, Ambrosio C, Anjum G, Aruta JJBR, Austers I, Barry O, Bastian B, Becker M, Bender M, Benningstad NCG, Borinca I, Celikkol G, Čeněk J, Chaleeraktrakoon T, Chobthamkit P, Choi HS, Choi S, Ciordas P, Coenen AC, Cupta A, de Zoysa P, Dhakal S, Duncan LE, Elcil T, Eskiili B, Etchezahar E, Franc R, Galdi S, Garvanova M, Gill P, Gnisci A, Gómez A, Gómez Yepes T, Grossmann I, Haines EA, Haka F, Hameiri B, Hamzah I, Helmy M, Imhoff R, Kamble S, Kazarovytska F, Kende A, Khachatryan N, Kimel SY, Klein JW, Komisarof A, Lacko D, Lajunen TJ, Lášticová B, López-Calle C, López-López W, Kalebić Maglica B, Malinauskas R, Manusyan S, Martskvishvili K, Messanga GA, Miklikowska M, Minic J, Mohorić T, Mottola F, Mula S, Musso P, Ndiaye DG, Neto F, Neto J, Ngom Dieng L, Obioma IF, Olonisakin TT, Ozer S, Panagiotopoulou P, Pastwa-Wojciechowska B, Pavlopoulos V, Pavlović T, Petrovska I, Piotrowski A, Poslon XD, Pummerer L, Raina M, Ramos-Diaz J, Robertsson V, Rottweiler B, Sam DL, Scardigno R, Schulmeyer MK, Stefaniak A, Studzinska A, Sullman MJM, Szulc M, Nemboué WT, Tair E, Tausch N, Thagunna NS, Thomas EF, Ungaretti J, Van Laar C, Vazne Ž, Vázquez A, Villanueva-Alvarado J, Wlodarczyk A, Yogeeswaran K, Obaidi M

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DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2535665123
Published: 2026 Mar 31
Container: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Publisher: Not recorded
Open access: yes

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Cite this work

BibTeX

@article{allodium:10.1073/pnas.2535665123,
  title = {The psychology of offensive and defensive intergroup violence: Preregistered insights from 58 countries.},
  author = {Kunst JR and Besta T and Jaśkiewicz M and Gajda AN and Sanden M and Flatebø MM and Adebayo SO and Adonis M and Agyemang CB and Boateng RA and Akfirat SA and Al-Adawi S and Ambrosio C and Anjum G and Aruta JJBR and Austers I and Barry O and Bastian B and Becker M and Bender M and Benningstad NCG and Borinca I and Celikkol G and Čeněk J and Chaleeraktrakoon T and Chobthamkit P and Choi HS and Choi S and Ciordas P and Coenen AC and Cupta A and de Zoysa P and Dhakal S and Duncan LE and Elcil T and Eskiili B and Etchezahar E and Franc R and Galdi S and Garvanova M and Gill P and Gnisci A and Gómez A and Gómez Yepes T and Grossmann I and Haines EA and Haka F and Hameiri B and Hamzah I and Helmy M and Imhoff R and Kamble S and Kazarovytska F and Kende A and Khachatryan N and Kimel SY and Klein JW and Komisarof A and Lacko D and Lajunen TJ and Lášticová B and López-Calle C and López-López W and Kalebić Maglica B and Malinauskas R and Manusyan S and Martskvishvili K and Messanga GA and Miklikowska M and Minic J and Mohorić T and Mottola F and Mula S and Musso P and Ndiaye DG and Neto F and Neto J and Ngom Dieng L and Obioma IF and Olonisakin TT and Ozer S and Panagiotopoulou P and Pastwa-Wojciechowska B and Pavlopoulos V and Pavlović T and Petrovska I and Piotrowski A and Poslon XD and Pummerer L and Raina M and Ramos-Diaz J and Robertsson V and Rottweiler B and Sam DL and Scardigno R and Schulmeyer MK and Stefaniak A and Studzinska A and Sullman MJM and Szulc M and Nemboué WT and Tair E and Tausch N and Thagunna NS and Thomas EF and Ungaretti J and Van Laar C and Vazne Ž and Vázquez A and Villanueva-Alvarado J and Wlodarczyk A and Yogeeswaran K and Obaidi M},
  year = {2026},
  journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America},
  doi = {10.1073/pnas.2535665123},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2535665123}
}

RIS

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The psychology of offensive and defensive intergroup violence: Preregistered insights from 58 countries.
AU  - Kunst JR
AU  - Besta T
AU  - Jaśkiewicz M
AU  - Gajda AN
AU  - Sanden M
AU  - Flatebø MM
AU  - Adebayo SO
AU  - Adonis M
AU  - Agyemang CB
AU  - Boateng RA
AU  - Akfirat SA
AU  - Al-Adawi S
AU  - Ambrosio C
AU  - Anjum G
AU  - Aruta JJBR
AU  - Austers I
AU  - Barry O
AU  - Bastian B
AU  - Becker M
AU  - Bender M
AU  - Benningstad NCG
AU  - Borinca I
AU  - Celikkol G
AU  - Čeněk J
AU  - Chaleeraktrakoon T
AU  - Chobthamkit P
AU  - Choi HS
AU  - Choi S
AU  - Ciordas P
AU  - Coenen AC
AU  - Cupta A
AU  - de Zoysa P
AU  - Dhakal S
AU  - Duncan LE
AU  - Elcil T
AU  - Eskiili B
AU  - Etchezahar E
AU  - Franc R
AU  - Galdi S
AU  - Garvanova M
AU  - Gill P
AU  - Gnisci A
AU  - Gómez A
AU  - Gómez Yepes T
AU  - Grossmann I
AU  - Haines EA
AU  - Haka F
AU  - Hameiri B
AU  - Hamzah I
AU  - Helmy M
AU  - Imhoff R
AU  - Kamble S
AU  - Kazarovytska F
AU  - Kende A
AU  - Khachatryan N
AU  - Kimel SY
AU  - Klein JW
AU  - Komisarof A
AU  - Lacko D
AU  - Lajunen TJ
AU  - Lášticová B
AU  - López-Calle C
AU  - López-López W
AU  - Kalebić Maglica B
AU  - Malinauskas R
AU  - Manusyan S
AU  - Martskvishvili K
AU  - Messanga GA
AU  - Miklikowska M
AU  - Minic J
AU  - Mohorić T
AU  - Mottola F
AU  - Mula S
AU  - Musso P
AU  - Ndiaye DG
AU  - Neto F
AU  - Neto J
AU  - Ngom Dieng L
AU  - Obioma IF
AU  - Olonisakin TT
AU  - Ozer S
AU  - Panagiotopoulou P
AU  - Pastwa-Wojciechowska B
AU  - Pavlopoulos V
AU  - Pavlović T
AU  - Petrovska I
AU  - Piotrowski A
AU  - Poslon XD
AU  - Pummerer L
AU  - Raina M
AU  - Ramos-Diaz J
AU  - Robertsson V
AU  - Rottweiler B
AU  - Sam DL
AU  - Scardigno R
AU  - Schulmeyer MK
AU  - Stefaniak A
AU  - Studzinska A
AU  - Sullman MJM
AU  - Szulc M
AU  - Nemboué WT
AU  - Tair E
AU  - Tausch N
AU  - Thagunna NS
AU  - Thomas EF
AU  - Ungaretti J
AU  - Van Laar C
AU  - Vazne Ž
AU  - Vázquez A
AU  - Villanueva-Alvarado J
AU  - Wlodarczyk A
AU  - Yogeeswaran K
AU  - Obaidi M
PY  - 2026
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
DO  - 10.1073/pnas.2535665123
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2535665123
ER  -

APA

JR, K., T, B., M, J., AN, G., M, S., MM, F., SO, A., M, A., CB, A., RA, B., SA, A., S, A., C, A., G, A., JJBR, A., I, A., O, B., B, B., M, B., M, B., NCG, B., I, B., G, C., J, Č., T, C., P, C., HS, C., S, C., P, C., AC, C., A, C., P, D. Z., S, D., LE, D., T, E., B, E., E, E., R, F., S, G., M, G., P, G., A, G., A, G., T, G. Y., I, G., EA, H., F, H., B, H., I, H., M, H., R, I., S, K., F, K., A, K., N, K., SY, K., JW, K., A, K., D, L., TJ, L., B, L., C, L., W, L., B, K. M., R, M., S, M., K, M., GA, M., M, M., J, M., T, M., F, M., S, M., P, M., DG, N., F, N., J, N., L, N. D., IF, O., TT, O., S, O., P, P., B, P., V, P., T, P., I, P., A, P., XD, P., L, P., M, R., J, R., V, R., B, R., DL, S., R, S., MK, S., A, S., A, S., MJM, S., M, S., WT, N., E, T., N, T., NS, T., EF, T., J, U., C, V. L., Ž, V., A, V., J, V., A, W., K, Y., & M, O. (2026). The psychology of offensive and defensive intergroup violence: Preregistered insights from 58 countries.. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2535665123

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pubmed · retrieved 2026-09-26T00:39:40.610Z