Retracted Article: A Nation Within a Nation: Organizing African-American Communities before the Civil War

Stephen Robinson

DOI: 10.1080/14664658.2012.746274
Published: 2012-12-13
Container: American Nineteenth Century History
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Open access: unknown

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serious concern Score 29/100 under policy 1.0.0. This is a metadata assessment, not a judgment of the paper's conclusions.

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Cite this work

BibTeX

@article{allodium:10.1080/14664658.2012.746274,
  title = {Retracted Article: A Nation Within a Nation: Organizing African-American Communities before the Civil War},
  author = {Stephen Robinson},
  year = {2012},
  journal = {American Nineteenth Century History},
  doi = {10.1080/14664658.2012.746274},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1080/14664658.2012.746274}
}

RIS

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Retracted Article: A Nation Within a Nation: Organizing African-American Communities before the Civil War
AU  - Stephen Robinson
PY  - 2012
JO  - American Nineteenth Century History
DO  - 10.1080/14664658.2012.746274
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/14664658.2012.746274
ER  -

APA

Robinson, S. (2012). Retracted Article: A Nation Within a Nation: Organizing African-American Communities before the Civil War. American Nineteenth Century History. https://doi.org/10.1080/14664658.2012.746274

Source records

crossref · retrieved 2026-09-25T05:27:03.500Z