Effectiveness of mRNA COVID-19 Vaccines and Hybrid Immunity in Preventing SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Symptomatic COVID-19 Among Adults in the United States.
- DOI
- 10.1093/infdis/jiaf007
- Published
- 2025 Apr 15
- Container
- The Journal of infectious diseases
- Publisher
- Not recorded
- Open access
- yes
Credibility signals
limited evidence Score 45/100 under policy 1.0.0. This is a metadata assessment, not a judgment of the paper's conclusions.
Show all credibility signals
- cautionDOI registered: No matching Crossref record was present in this response.
- cautionDOI resolves: No matching Crossref record was present in this response.
- not scoredDirectory of Open Access Journals: No matching DOAJ record was present in this response. No allow-list match; this is not evidence of low credibility.
- not scoredMEDLINE indexed: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredOpenAlex core source: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredKnown publisher allow-list: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredROR affiliation: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredRetraction Watch retraction: No retraction notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- not scoredRetraction Watch expression of concern: No expression of concern notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- not scoredRetraction Watch correction: No correction notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- not scoredRetraction Watch reinstatement: No reinstatement notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- supportingOpen access status: Normalized open-access status: open.
- not scoredPublication license: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredPublication version: A publication version was supplied but is not scored.
- cautionMetadata completeness: 5 of 6 scored descriptive metadata groups are present; missing fields increase uncertainty.
Cite this work
BibTeX
@article{allodium:10.1093/infdis/jiaf007,
title = {Effectiveness of mRNA COVID-19 Vaccines and Hybrid Immunity in Preventing SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Symptomatic COVID-19 Among Adults in the United States.},
author = {Feldstein LR and Ruffin J and Wiegand RE and Borkowf CB and James-Gist J and Babu TM and Briggs-Hagen M and Chappell J and Chu HY and Englund JA and Kuntz JL and Lauring AS and Lo N and Carone M and Lockwood C and Martin ET and Midgley CM and Monto AS and Naleway AL and Ogilvie T and Saydah S and Schmidt MA and Schmitz JE and Smith N and Sohn I and Starita L and Talbot HK and Weil AA and Grijalva CG},
year = {2025},
journal = {The Journal of infectious diseases},
doi = {10.1093/infdis/jiaf007},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf007}
}RIS
TY - JOUR TI - Effectiveness of mRNA COVID-19 Vaccines and Hybrid Immunity in Preventing SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Symptomatic COVID-19 Among Adults in the United States. AU - Feldstein LR AU - Ruffin J AU - Wiegand RE AU - Borkowf CB AU - James-Gist J AU - Babu TM AU - Briggs-Hagen M AU - Chappell J AU - Chu HY AU - Englund JA AU - Kuntz JL AU - Lauring AS AU - Lo N AU - Carone M AU - Lockwood C AU - Martin ET AU - Midgley CM AU - Monto AS AU - Naleway AL AU - Ogilvie T AU - Saydah S AU - Schmidt MA AU - Schmitz JE AU - Smith N AU - Sohn I AU - Starita L AU - Talbot HK AU - Weil AA AU - Grijalva CG PY - 2025 JO - The Journal of infectious diseases DO - 10.1093/infdis/jiaf007 UR - https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf007 ER -
APA
LR, F., J, R., RE, W., CB, B., J, J., TM, B., M, B., J, C., HY, C., JA, E., JL, K., AS, L., N, L., M, C., C, L., ET, M., CM, M., AS, M., AL, N., T, O., S, S., MA, S., JE, S., N, S., I, S., L, S., HK, T., AA, W., & CG, G. (2025). Effectiveness of mRNA COVID-19 Vaccines and Hybrid Immunity in Preventing SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Symptomatic COVID-19 Among Adults in the United States.. The Journal of infectious diseases. https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf007
Source records
- pubmed · retrieved 2026-09-26T05:40:11.027Z