Evidence of Cosmic-Ray Acceleration up to Sub-PeV Energies in the Supernova Remnant IC 443.

Cao Z, Aharonian F, Bai YX, Bao YW, Bastieri D, Bi XJ, Bi YJ, Bian W, Bukevich AV, Cai CM, Cao WY, Cao Z, Chang J, Chang JF, Chen AM, Chen ES, Chen GH, Chen HX, Chen L, Chen L, Chen MJ, Chen ML, Chen QH, Chen S, Chen SH, Chen SZ, Chen TL, Chen XB, Chen XJ, Chen Y, Cheng N, Cheng YD, Chu MC, Cui MY, Cui SW, Cui XH, Cui YD, Dai BZ, Dai HL, Dai ZG, Danzengluobu, Diao YX, Dong XQ, Duan KK, Fan JH, Fan YZ, Fang J, Fang JH, Fang K, Feng CF, Feng H, Feng L, Feng SH, Feng XT, Feng Y, Feng YL, Gabici S, Gao B, Gao CD, Gao Q, Gao W, Gao WK, Ge MM, Ge TT, Geng LS, Giacinti G, Gong GH, Gou QB, Gu MH, Guo FL, Guo J, Guo XL, Guo YQ, Guo YY, Han YA, Hannuksela OA, Hasan M, He HH, He HN, He JY, He XY, He Y, Hernández-Cadena S, Hou BW, Hou C, Hou X, Hu HB, Hu SC, Huang C, Huang DH, Huang JJ, Huang TQ, Huang WJ, Huang XT, Huang XY, Huang Y, Huang YY, Ji XL, Jia HY, Jia K, Jiang HB, Jiang K, Jiang XW, Jiang ZJ, Jin M, Kaci S, Kang MM, Karpikov I, Khangulyan D, Kuleshov D, Kurinov K, Li BB, Li C, Li C, Li D, Li F, Li HB, Li HC, Li J, Li J, Li K, Li L, Li RL, Li SD, Li TY, Li WL, Li XR, Li X, Li Y, Li YZ, Li Z, Li Z, Liang EW, Liang YF, Lin SJ, Liu B, Liu C, Liu D, Liu DB, Liu H, Liu HD, Liu J, Liu JL, Liu JR, Liu MY, Liu RY, Liu SM, Liu W, Liu X, Liu Y, Liu Y, Liu YN, Lou YQ, Luo Q, Luo Y, Lv HK, Ma BQ, Ma LL, Ma XH, Mao JR, Min Z, Mitthumsiri W, Mou GB, Mu HJ, Neronov A, Ng KCY, Ni MY, Nie L, Ou LJ, Pattarakijwanich P, Pei ZY, Qi JC, Qi MY, Qin JJ, Raza A, Ren CY, Ruffolo D, Sáiz A, Semikoz D, Shao L, Shchegolev O, Shen YZ, Sheng XD, Shi ZD, Shu FW, Song HC, Stenkin YV, Stepanov V, Su Y, Sun DX, Sun H, Sun QN, Sun XN, Sun ZB, Tabasam NH, Takata J, Tam PHT, Tan HB, Tang QW, Tang R, Tang ZB, Tian WW, Tong CN, Wan LH, Wang C, Wang GW, Wang HG, Wang JC, Wang K, Wang K, Wang K, Wang LP, Wang LY, Wang LY, Wang R, Wang W, Wang XG, Wang XJ, Wang XY, Wang Y, Wang YD, Wang ZH, Wang ZX, Wang Z, Wei DM, Wei JJ, Wei YJ, Wen T, Weng SS, Wu CY, Wu HR, Wu QW, Wu S, Wu XF, Wu YS, Xi SQ, Xia J, Xia JJ, Xiang GM, Xiao DX, Xiao G, Xin YL, Xing Y, Xiong DR, Xiong Z, Xu DL, Xu RF, Xu RX, Xu WL, Xue L, Yan DH, Yan T, Yang CW, Yang CY, Yang FF, Yang LL, Yang MJ, Yang RZ, Yang WX, Yang ZH, Yao ZG, Ye XA, Yin LQ, Yin N, You XH, You ZY, Yuan Q, Yue H, Zeng HD, Zeng TX, Zeng W, Zeng XT, Zha M, Zhang BB, Zhang BT, Zhang C, Zhang F, Zhang H, Zhang HM, Zhang HY, Zhang JL, Zhang L, Zhang PF, Zhang PP, Zhang R, Zhang SR, Zhang SS, Zhang WY, Zhang X, Zhang XP, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang ZP, Zhao J, Zhao L, Zhao LZ, Zhao SP, Zhao XH, Zhao ZH, Zheng F, Zhong WJ, Zhou B, Zhou H, Zhou JN, Zhou M, Zhou P, Zhou R, Zhou XX, Zhou XX, Zhu BY, Zhu CG, Zhu FR, Zhu H, Zhu KJ, Zou YC, Zuo X, LHAASO Collaboration

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DOI: 10.1103/pxn6-qzhz
Published: 2026 Apr 24
Container: Physical review letters
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BibTeX

@article{allodium:10.1103/pxn6-qzhz,
  title = {Evidence of Cosmic-Ray Acceleration up to Sub-PeV Energies in the Supernova Remnant IC 443.},
  author = {Cao Z and Aharonian F and Bai YX and Bao YW and Bastieri D and Bi XJ and Bi YJ and Bian W and Bukevich AV and Cai CM and Cao WY and Cao Z and Chang J and Chang JF and Chen AM and Chen ES and Chen GH and Chen HX and Chen L and Chen L and Chen MJ and Chen ML and Chen QH and Chen S and Chen SH and Chen SZ and Chen TL and Chen XB and Chen XJ and Chen Y and Cheng N and Cheng YD and Chu MC and Cui MY and Cui SW and Cui XH and Cui YD and Dai BZ and Dai HL and Dai ZG and Danzengluobu and Diao YX and Dong XQ and Duan KK and Fan JH and Fan YZ and Fang J and Fang JH and Fang K and Feng CF and Feng H and Feng L and Feng SH and Feng XT and Feng Y and Feng YL and Gabici S and Gao B and Gao CD and Gao Q and Gao W and Gao WK and Ge MM and Ge TT and Geng LS and Giacinti G and Gong GH and Gou QB and Gu MH and Guo FL and Guo J and Guo XL and Guo YQ and Guo YY and Han YA and Hannuksela OA and Hasan M and He HH and He HN and He JY and He XY and He Y and Hernández-Cadena S and Hou BW and Hou C and Hou X and Hu HB and Hu SC and Huang C and Huang DH and Huang JJ and Huang TQ and Huang WJ and Huang XT and Huang XY and Huang Y and Huang YY and Ji XL and Jia HY and Jia K and Jiang HB and Jiang K and Jiang XW and Jiang ZJ and Jin M and Kaci S and Kang MM and Karpikov I and Khangulyan D and Kuleshov D and Kurinov K and Li BB and Li C and Li C and Li D and Li F and Li HB and Li HC and Li J and Li J and Li K and Li L and Li RL and Li SD and Li TY and Li WL and Li XR and Li X and Li Y and Li YZ and Li Z and Li Z and Liang EW and Liang YF and Lin SJ and Liu B and Liu C and Liu D and Liu DB and Liu H and Liu HD and Liu J and Liu JL and Liu JR and Liu MY and Liu RY and Liu SM and Liu W and Liu X and Liu Y and Liu Y and Liu YN and Lou YQ and Luo Q and Luo Y and Lv HK and Ma BQ and Ma LL and Ma XH and Mao JR and Min Z and Mitthumsiri W and Mou GB and Mu HJ and Neronov A and Ng KCY and Ni MY and Nie L and Ou LJ and Pattarakijwanich P and Pei ZY and Qi JC and Qi MY and Qin JJ and Raza A and Ren CY and Ruffolo D and Sáiz A and Semikoz D and Shao L and Shchegolev O and Shen YZ and Sheng XD and Shi ZD and Shu FW and Song HC and Stenkin YV and Stepanov V and Su Y and Sun DX and Sun H and Sun QN and Sun XN and Sun ZB and Tabasam NH and Takata J and Tam PHT and Tan HB and Tang QW and Tang R and Tang ZB and Tian WW and Tong CN and Wan LH and Wang C and Wang GW and Wang HG and Wang JC and Wang K and Wang K and Wang K and Wang LP and Wang LY and Wang LY and Wang R and Wang W and Wang XG and Wang XJ and Wang XY and Wang Y and Wang YD and Wang ZH and Wang ZX and Wang Z and Wei DM and Wei JJ and Wei YJ and Wen T and Weng SS and Wu CY and Wu HR and Wu QW and Wu S and Wu XF and Wu YS and Xi SQ and Xia J and Xia JJ and Xiang GM and Xiao DX and Xiao G and Xin YL and Xing Y and Xiong DR and Xiong Z and Xu DL and Xu RF and Xu RX and Xu WL and Xue L and Yan DH and Yan T and Yang CW and Yang CY and Yang FF and Yang LL and Yang MJ and Yang RZ and Yang WX and Yang ZH and Yao ZG and Ye XA and Yin LQ and Yin N and You XH and You ZY and Yuan Q and Yue H and Zeng HD and Zeng TX and Zeng W and Zeng XT and Zha M and Zhang BB and Zhang BT and Zhang C and Zhang F and Zhang H and Zhang HM and Zhang HY and Zhang JL and Zhang L and Zhang PF and Zhang PP and Zhang R and Zhang SR and Zhang SS and Zhang WY and Zhang X and Zhang XP and Zhang Y and Zhang Y and Zhang ZP and Zhao J and Zhao L and Zhao LZ and Zhao SP and Zhao XH and Zhao ZH and Zheng F and Zhong WJ and Zhou B and Zhou H and Zhou JN and Zhou M and Zhou P and Zhou R and Zhou XX and Zhou XX and Zhu BY and Zhu CG and Zhu FR and Zhu H and Zhu KJ and Zou YC and Zuo X and LHAASO Collaboration},
  year = {2026},
  journal = {Physical review letters},
  doi = {10.1103/pxn6-qzhz},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1103/pxn6-qzhz}
}

RIS

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Evidence of Cosmic-Ray Acceleration up to Sub-PeV Energies in the Supernova Remnant IC 443.
AU  - Cao Z
AU  - Aharonian F
AU  - Bai YX
AU  - Bao YW
AU  - Bastieri D
AU  - Bi XJ
AU  - Bi YJ
AU  - Bian W
AU  - Bukevich AV
AU  - Cai CM
AU  - Cao WY
AU  - Cao Z
AU  - Chang J
AU  - Chang JF
AU  - Chen AM
AU  - Chen ES
AU  - Chen GH
AU  - Chen HX
AU  - Chen L
AU  - Chen L
AU  - Chen MJ
AU  - Chen ML
AU  - Chen QH
AU  - Chen S
AU  - Chen SH
AU  - Chen SZ
AU  - Chen TL
AU  - Chen XB
AU  - Chen XJ
AU  - Chen Y
AU  - Cheng N
AU  - Cheng YD
AU  - Chu MC
AU  - Cui MY
AU  - Cui SW
AU  - Cui XH
AU  - Cui YD
AU  - Dai BZ
AU  - Dai HL
AU  - Dai ZG
AU  - Danzengluobu
AU  - Diao YX
AU  - Dong XQ
AU  - Duan KK
AU  - Fan JH
AU  - Fan YZ
AU  - Fang J
AU  - Fang JH
AU  - Fang K
AU  - Feng CF
AU  - Feng H
AU  - Feng L
AU  - Feng SH
AU  - Feng XT
AU  - Feng Y
AU  - Feng YL
AU  - Gabici S
AU  - Gao B
AU  - Gao CD
AU  - Gao Q
AU  - Gao W
AU  - Gao WK
AU  - Ge MM
AU  - Ge TT
AU  - Geng LS
AU  - Giacinti G
AU  - Gong GH
AU  - Gou QB
AU  - Gu MH
AU  - Guo FL
AU  - Guo J
AU  - Guo XL
AU  - Guo YQ
AU  - Guo YY
AU  - Han YA
AU  - Hannuksela OA
AU  - Hasan M
AU  - He HH
AU  - He HN
AU  - He JY
AU  - He XY
AU  - He Y
AU  - Hernández-Cadena S
AU  - Hou BW
AU  - Hou C
AU  - Hou X
AU  - Hu HB
AU  - Hu SC
AU  - Huang C
AU  - Huang DH
AU  - Huang JJ
AU  - Huang TQ
AU  - Huang WJ
AU  - Huang XT
AU  - Huang XY
AU  - Huang Y
AU  - Huang YY
AU  - Ji XL
AU  - Jia HY
AU  - Jia K
AU  - Jiang HB
AU  - Jiang K
AU  - Jiang XW
AU  - Jiang ZJ
AU  - Jin M
AU  - Kaci S
AU  - Kang MM
AU  - Karpikov I
AU  - Khangulyan D
AU  - Kuleshov D
AU  - Kurinov K
AU  - Li BB
AU  - Li C
AU  - Li C
AU  - Li D
AU  - Li F
AU  - Li HB
AU  - Li HC
AU  - Li J
AU  - Li J
AU  - Li K
AU  - Li L
AU  - Li RL
AU  - Li SD
AU  - Li TY
AU  - Li WL
AU  - Li XR
AU  - Li X
AU  - Li Y
AU  - Li YZ
AU  - Li Z
AU  - Li Z
AU  - Liang EW
AU  - Liang YF
AU  - Lin SJ
AU  - Liu B
AU  - Liu C
AU  - Liu D
AU  - Liu DB
AU  - Liu H
AU  - Liu HD
AU  - Liu J
AU  - Liu JL
AU  - Liu JR
AU  - Liu MY
AU  - Liu RY
AU  - Liu SM
AU  - Liu W
AU  - Liu X
AU  - Liu Y
AU  - Liu Y
AU  - Liu YN
AU  - Lou YQ
AU  - Luo Q
AU  - Luo Y
AU  - Lv HK
AU  - Ma BQ
AU  - Ma LL
AU  - Ma XH
AU  - Mao JR
AU  - Min Z
AU  - Mitthumsiri W
AU  - Mou GB
AU  - Mu HJ
AU  - Neronov A
AU  - Ng KCY
AU  - Ni MY
AU  - Nie L
AU  - Ou LJ
AU  - Pattarakijwanich P
AU  - Pei ZY
AU  - Qi JC
AU  - Qi MY
AU  - Qin JJ
AU  - Raza A
AU  - Ren CY
AU  - Ruffolo D
AU  - Sáiz A
AU  - Semikoz D
AU  - Shao L
AU  - Shchegolev O
AU  - Shen YZ
AU  - Sheng XD
AU  - Shi ZD
AU  - Shu FW
AU  - Song HC
AU  - Stenkin YV
AU  - Stepanov V
AU  - Su Y
AU  - Sun DX
AU  - Sun H
AU  - Sun QN
AU  - Sun XN
AU  - Sun ZB
AU  - Tabasam NH
AU  - Takata J
AU  - Tam PHT
AU  - Tan HB
AU  - Tang QW
AU  - Tang R
AU  - Tang ZB
AU  - Tian WW
AU  - Tong CN
AU  - Wan LH
AU  - Wang C
AU  - Wang GW
AU  - Wang HG
AU  - Wang JC
AU  - Wang K
AU  - Wang K
AU  - Wang K
AU  - Wang LP
AU  - Wang LY
AU  - Wang LY
AU  - Wang R
AU  - Wang W
AU  - Wang XG
AU  - Wang XJ
AU  - Wang XY
AU  - Wang Y
AU  - Wang YD
AU  - Wang ZH
AU  - Wang ZX
AU  - Wang Z
AU  - Wei DM
AU  - Wei JJ
AU  - Wei YJ
AU  - Wen T
AU  - Weng SS
AU  - Wu CY
AU  - Wu HR
AU  - Wu QW
AU  - Wu S
AU  - Wu XF
AU  - Wu YS
AU  - Xi SQ
AU  - Xia J
AU  - Xia JJ
AU  - Xiang GM
AU  - Xiao DX
AU  - Xiao G
AU  - Xin YL
AU  - Xing Y
AU  - Xiong DR
AU  - Xiong Z
AU  - Xu DL
AU  - Xu RF
AU  - Xu RX
AU  - Xu WL
AU  - Xue L
AU  - Yan DH
AU  - Yan T
AU  - Yang CW
AU  - Yang CY
AU  - Yang FF
AU  - Yang LL
AU  - Yang MJ
AU  - Yang RZ
AU  - Yang WX
AU  - Yang ZH
AU  - Yao ZG
AU  - Ye XA
AU  - Yin LQ
AU  - Yin N
AU  - You XH
AU  - You ZY
AU  - Yuan Q
AU  - Yue H
AU  - Zeng HD
AU  - Zeng TX
AU  - Zeng W
AU  - Zeng XT
AU  - Zha M
AU  - Zhang BB
AU  - Zhang BT
AU  - Zhang C
AU  - Zhang F
AU  - Zhang H
AU  - Zhang HM
AU  - Zhang HY
AU  - Zhang JL
AU  - Zhang L
AU  - Zhang PF
AU  - Zhang PP
AU  - Zhang R
AU  - Zhang SR
AU  - Zhang SS
AU  - Zhang WY
AU  - Zhang X
AU  - Zhang XP
AU  - Zhang Y
AU  - Zhang Y
AU  - Zhang ZP
AU  - Zhao J
AU  - Zhao L
AU  - Zhao LZ
AU  - Zhao SP
AU  - Zhao XH
AU  - Zhao ZH
AU  - Zheng F
AU  - Zhong WJ
AU  - Zhou B
AU  - Zhou H
AU  - Zhou JN
AU  - Zhou M
AU  - Zhou P
AU  - Zhou R
AU  - Zhou XX
AU  - Zhou XX
AU  - Zhu BY
AU  - Zhu CG
AU  - Zhu FR
AU  - Zhu H
AU  - Zhu KJ
AU  - Zou YC
AU  - Zuo X
AU  - LHAASO Collaboration
PY  - 2026
JO  - Physical review letters
DO  - 10.1103/pxn6-qzhz
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1103/pxn6-qzhz
ER  -

APA

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pubmed · retrieved 2026-09-26T05:27:53.210Z