Sputum and oral microbiota profiles are associated with long COVID severity and phenotype post-hospitalisation: a UK multicentre, prospective cohort study

Daniela Alferes de Lima Headley, Hollian Richardson, Chandani Hennayake, Zsofia Eke, Jamie Stobo, Merete B. Long, Olivia C. Leavy, Matthew Richardson, Omer Elneima, Hamish J.C. McAuley, Aarti Shikotra, Amisha Singapuri, Marco Sereno, Ruth M. Saunders, Victoria C. Harris, Linzy Houchen-Wolloff, Neil J. Greening, Kimon Ntotsis, Daniel Lozano-Rojas, Beatriz Guillen-Guio, Ewen M. Harrison, Annemarie B. Docherty, Steven Kerr, Nazir I. Lone, Jennifer K. Quint, Aziz Sheikh, Mathew Thorpe, Bang Zheng, Claudia Efstathiou, Maxime Taquet, Iain D. Stewart, Trudie Chalder, Melanie J. Davies, Anthony De Soyza, John R. Geddes, William Greenhalf, Luke S. Howard, Joseph Jacob, R. Gisli Jenkins, William D-C. Man, Gerry P. McCann, Stefan Neubauer, Peter J.M. Openshaw, Joanna C. Porter, Matthew J. Rowland, David Thomas, Mark Toshner, Simon Heller, Janet T. Scott, Malcolm G. Semple, Sally J. Singh, Raminder Aul, Paul Beirne, Charlotte E. Bolton, Jeremy S. Brown, Gourab Choudhury, Nawar Diar Bakerly, Nicholas Easom, Carlos Echevarria, Jonathan Fuld, John R. Hurst, Mark Jones, Dhruv Parekh, Paul Pfeffer, Najib M. Rahman, Sarah Rowland-Jones, Ajay M. Shah, Daniel G. Wootton, Keir Lewis, Liam G. Heaney, Ling-Pei Ho, Alex Horsley, Michael Marks, Krisnah Poinasamy, Betty Raman, Louise V. Wain, Rachael A. Evans, Christopher E. Brightling, Philip L. Molyneaux, James D. Chalmers

Open source

DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01162-2026
Published: 2026-10-11
Container: European Respiratory Journal
Publisher: European Respiratory Society (ERS)
Open access: unknown

Credibility signals

uncertain Score 64/100 under policy 1.0.0. This is a metadata assessment, not a judgment of the paper's conclusions.

Show all credibility signals

supportingDOI registered: A matching record was returned by Crossref. Source: Crossref; license: CC0 metadata
supportingDOI resolves: A matching record was returned by Crossref. Source: Crossref; license: CC0 metadata
not scoredDirectory of Open Access Journals: No matching DOAJ record was present in this response. No allow-list match; this is not evidence of low credibility. Source: DOAJ; license: CC0
not scoredMEDLINE indexed: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made. Source: No authority result supplied; license: Unknown
not scoredOpenAlex core source: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made. Source: No authority result supplied; license: Unknown
not scoredKnown publisher allow-list: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made. Source: No authority result supplied; license: Unknown
not scoredROR affiliation: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made. Source: No authority result supplied; license: Unknown
not scoredRetraction Watch retraction: No retraction notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete. Source: Retraction Watch; license: CC BY 4.0
not scoredRetraction Watch expression of concern: No expression of concern notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete. Source: Retraction Watch; license: CC BY 4.0
not scoredRetraction Watch correction: No correction notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete. Source: Retraction Watch; license: CC BY 4.0
not scoredRetraction Watch reinstatement: No reinstatement notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete. Source: Retraction Watch; license: CC BY 4.0
not scoredOpen access status: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made. Source: No authority result supplied; license: Unknown
not scoredPublication license: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made. Source: No authority result supplied; license: Unknown
not scoredPublication version: A publication version was supplied but is not scored. Source: Normalized work metadata; license: Caller-provided; provenance license not supplied to scorer
supportingMetadata completeness: All 6 scored descriptive metadata groups are present. Source: Normalized work metadata; license: Caller-provided; provenance license not supplied to scorer

Cite this work

BibTeX

@article{allodium:10.1183/13993003.01162-2026,
title = {Sputum and oral microbiota profiles are associated with long COVID severity and phenotype post-hospitalisation: a UK multicentre, prospective cohort study},
author = {Daniela Alferes de Lima Headley and Hollian Richardson and Chandani Hennayake and Zsofia Eke and Jamie Stobo and Merete B. Long and Olivia C. Leavy and Matthew Richardson and Omer Elneima and Hamish J.C. McAuley and Aarti Shikotra and Amisha Singapuri and Marco Sereno and Ruth M. Saunders and Victoria C. Harris and Linzy Houchen-Wolloff and Neil J. Greening and Kimon Ntotsis and Daniel Lozano-Rojas and Beatriz Guillen-Guio and Ewen M. Harrison and Annemarie B. Docherty and Steven Kerr and Nazir I. Lone and Jennifer K. Quint and Aziz Sheikh and Mathew Thorpe and Bang Zheng and Claudia Efstathiou and Maxime Taquet and Iain D. Stewart and Trudie Chalder and Melanie J. Davies and Anthony De Soyza and John R. Geddes and William Greenhalf and Luke S. Howard and Joseph Jacob and R. Gisli Jenkins and William D-C. Man and Gerry P. McCann and Stefan Neubauer and Peter J.M. Openshaw and Joanna C. Porter and Matthew J. Rowland and David Thomas and Mark Toshner and Simon Heller and Janet T. Scott and Malcolm G. Semple and Sally J. Singh and Raminder Aul and Paul Beirne and Charlotte E. Bolton and Jeremy S. Brown and Gourab Choudhury and Nawar Diar Bakerly and Nicholas Easom and Carlos Echevarria and Jonathan Fuld and John R. Hurst and Mark Jones and Dhruv Parekh and Paul Pfeffer and Najib M. Rahman and Sarah Rowland-Jones and Ajay M. Shah and Daniel G. Wootton and Keir Lewis and Liam G. Heaney and Ling-Pei Ho and Alex Horsley and Michael Marks and Krisnah Poinasamy and Betty Raman and Louise V. Wain and Rachael A. Evans and Christopher E. Brightling and Philip L. Molyneaux and James D. Chalmers},
year = {2026},
journal = {European Respiratory Journal},
doi = {10.1183/13993003.01162-2026},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.01162-2026}
}

RIS

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Sputum and oral microbiota profiles are associated with long COVID severity and phenotype post-hospitalisation: a UK multicentre, prospective cohort study
AU  - Daniela Alferes de Lima Headley
AU  - Hollian Richardson
AU  - Chandani Hennayake
AU  - Zsofia Eke
AU  - Jamie Stobo
AU  - Merete B. Long
AU  - Olivia C. Leavy
AU  - Matthew Richardson
AU  - Omer Elneima
AU  - Hamish J.C. McAuley
AU  - Aarti Shikotra
AU  - Amisha Singapuri
AU  - Marco Sereno
AU  - Ruth M. Saunders
AU  - Victoria C. Harris
AU  - Linzy Houchen-Wolloff
AU  - Neil J. Greening
AU  - Kimon Ntotsis
AU  - Daniel Lozano-Rojas
AU  - Beatriz Guillen-Guio
AU  - Ewen M. Harrison
AU  - Annemarie B. Docherty
AU  - Steven Kerr
AU  - Nazir I. Lone
AU  - Jennifer K. Quint
AU  - Aziz Sheikh
AU  - Mathew Thorpe
AU  - Bang Zheng
AU  - Claudia Efstathiou
AU  - Maxime Taquet
AU  - Iain D. Stewart
AU  - Trudie Chalder
AU  - Melanie J. Davies
AU  - Anthony De Soyza
AU  - John R. Geddes
AU  - William Greenhalf
AU  - Luke S. Howard
AU  - Joseph Jacob
AU  - R. Gisli Jenkins
AU  - William D-C. Man
AU  - Gerry P. McCann
AU  - Stefan Neubauer
AU  - Peter J.M. Openshaw
AU  - Joanna C. Porter
AU  - Matthew J. Rowland
AU  - David Thomas
AU  - Mark Toshner
AU  - Simon Heller
AU  - Janet T. Scott
AU  - Malcolm G. Semple
AU  - Sally J. Singh
AU  - Raminder Aul
AU  - Paul Beirne
AU  - Charlotte E. Bolton
AU  - Jeremy S. Brown
AU  - Gourab Choudhury
AU  - Nawar Diar Bakerly
AU  - Nicholas Easom
AU  - Carlos Echevarria
AU  - Jonathan Fuld
AU  - John R. Hurst
AU  - Mark Jones
AU  - Dhruv Parekh
AU  - Paul Pfeffer
AU  - Najib M. Rahman
AU  - Sarah Rowland-Jones
AU  - Ajay M. Shah
AU  - Daniel G. Wootton
AU  - Keir Lewis
AU  - Liam G. Heaney
AU  - Ling-Pei Ho
AU  - Alex Horsley
AU  - Michael Marks
AU  - Krisnah Poinasamy
AU  - Betty Raman
AU  - Louise V. Wain
AU  - Rachael A. Evans
AU  - Christopher E. Brightling
AU  - Philip L. Molyneaux
AU  - James D. Chalmers
PY  - 2026
JO  - European Respiratory Journal
DO  - 10.1183/13993003.01162-2026
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.01162-2026
ER  -

APA

Headley, D. A. D. L., Richardson, H., Hennayake, C., Eke, Z., Stobo, J., Long, M. B., Leavy, O. C., Richardson, M., Elneima, O., McAuley, H. J., Shikotra, A., Singapuri, A., Sereno, M., Saunders, R. M., Harris, V. C., Houchen-Wolloff, L., Greening, N. J., Ntotsis, K., Lozano-Rojas, D., Guillen-Guio, B., Harrison, E. M., Docherty, A. B., Kerr, S., Lone, N. I., Quint, J. K., Sheikh, A., Thorpe, M., Zheng, B., Efstathiou, C., Taquet, M., Stewart, I. D., Chalder, T., Davies, M. J., Soyza, A. D., Geddes, J. R., Greenhalf, W., Howard, L. S., Jacob, J., Jenkins, R. G., Man, W. D., McCann, G. P., Neubauer, S., Openshaw, P. J., Porter, J. C., Rowland, M. J., Thomas, D., Toshner, M., Heller, S., Scott, J. T., Semple, M. G., Singh, S. J., Aul, R., Beirne, P., Bolton, C. E., Brown, J. S., Choudhury, G., Bakerly, N. D., Easom, N., Echevarria, C., Fuld, J., Hurst, J. R., Jones, M., Parekh, D., Pfeffer, P., Rahman, N. M., Rowland-Jones, S., Shah, A. M., Wootton, D. G., Lewis, K., Heaney, L. G., Ho, L., Horsley, A., Marks, M., Poinasamy, K., Raman, B., Wain, L. V., Evans, R. A., Brightling, C. E., Molyneaux, P. L., & Chalmers, J. D. (2026). Sputum and oral microbiota profiles are associated with long COVID severity and phenotype post-hospitalisation: a UK multicentre, prospective cohort study. European Respiratory Journal. https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.01162-2026

Source records

crossref · retrieved 2026-11-10T09:18:15.435Z