Fatal inflammation: understanding meningitis mortality in the United States (1999–2020)

Ali Shan Hafeez, Muhammad Faizan, Shaikh Muhammad Daniyal, Asad Zaman, Abdul Rafae Faisal, Abdullah, FNU Laiba, Rick Maity, Muhammad Abdullah Humayun, Pramod Singh, Mohammad Maaz Alam, Arkadeep Dhali

Open source

DOI: 10.1186/s12883-026-05060-8
Published: 2026-06-13
Container: BMC Neurology
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Open access: unknown

Credibility signals

uncertain Score 64/100 under policy 1.0.0. This is a metadata assessment, not a judgment of the paper's conclusions.

Show all credibility signals

supportingDOI registered: A matching record was returned by Crossref. Source: Crossref; license: CC0 metadata
supportingDOI resolves: A matching record was returned by Crossref. Source: Crossref; license: CC0 metadata
not scoredDirectory of Open Access Journals: No matching DOAJ record was present in this response. No allow-list match; this is not evidence of low credibility. Source: DOAJ; license: CC0
not scoredMEDLINE indexed: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made. Source: No authority result supplied; license: Unknown
not scoredOpenAlex core source: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made. Source: No authority result supplied; license: Unknown
not scoredKnown publisher allow-list: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made. Source: No authority result supplied; license: Unknown
not scoredROR affiliation: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made. Source: No authority result supplied; license: Unknown
not scoredRetraction Watch retraction: No retraction notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete. Source: Retraction Watch; license: CC BY 4.0
not scoredRetraction Watch expression of concern: No expression of concern notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete. Source: Retraction Watch; license: CC BY 4.0
not scoredRetraction Watch correction: No correction notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete. Source: Retraction Watch; license: CC BY 4.0
not scoredRetraction Watch reinstatement: No reinstatement notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete. Source: Retraction Watch; license: CC BY 4.0
not scoredOpen access status: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made. Source: No authority result supplied; license: Unknown
not scoredPublication license: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made. Source: No authority result supplied; license: Unknown
not scoredPublication version: A publication version was supplied but is not scored. Source: Normalized work metadata; license: Caller-provided; provenance license not supplied to scorer
supportingMetadata completeness: All 6 scored descriptive metadata groups are present. Source: Normalized work metadata; license: Caller-provided; provenance license not supplied to scorer

Cite this work

BibTeX

@article{allodium:10.1186/s12883-026-05060-8,
  title = {Fatal inflammation: understanding meningitis mortality in the United States (1999–2020)},
  author = {Ali Shan Hafeez and Muhammad Faizan and Shaikh Muhammad Daniyal and Asad Zaman and Abdul Rafae Faisal and Abdullah and FNU Laiba and Rick Maity and Muhammad Abdullah Humayun and Pramod Singh and Mohammad Maaz Alam and Arkadeep Dhali},
  year = {2026},
  journal = {BMC Neurology},
  doi = {10.1186/s12883-026-05060-8},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s12883-026-05060-8}
}

RIS

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Fatal inflammation: understanding meningitis mortality in the United States (1999–2020)
AU  - Ali Shan Hafeez
AU  - Muhammad Faizan
AU  - Shaikh Muhammad Daniyal
AU  - Asad Zaman
AU  - Abdul Rafae Faisal
AU  - Abdullah
AU  - FNU Laiba
AU  - Rick Maity
AU  - Muhammad Abdullah Humayun
AU  - Pramod Singh
AU  - Mohammad Maaz Alam
AU  - Arkadeep Dhali
PY  - 2026
JO  - BMC Neurology
DO  - 10.1186/s12883-026-05060-8
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12883-026-05060-8
ER  -

APA

Hafeez, A. S., Faizan, M., Daniyal, S. M., Zaman, A., Faisal, A. R., Abdullah, Laiba, F., Maity, R., Humayun, M. A., Singh, P., Alam, M. M., & Dhali, A. (2026). Fatal inflammation: understanding meningitis mortality in the United States (1999–2020). BMC Neurology. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12883-026-05060-8

Source records

crossref · retrieved 2026-09-26T12:11:10.539Z