'关系'、礼物和腐败 - 腐败主体的能动性和腐败交换的运作模式 (Guanxi, Gift and Corruption - The Enabling Role of Corruption Participants in Corrupt Exchange in China)

Ling Li

Open source

DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1915157
Published: 2011
Container: SSRN Electronic Journal
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Open access: unknown

Credibility signals

uncertain Score 64/100 under policy 1.0.0. This is a metadata assessment, not a judgment of the paper's conclusions.

Show all credibility signals

supportingDOI registered: A matching record was returned by Crossref. Source: Crossref; license: CC0 metadata
supportingDOI resolves: A matching record was returned by Crossref. Source: Crossref; license: CC0 metadata
not scoredDirectory of Open Access Journals: No matching DOAJ record was present in this response. No allow-list match; this is not evidence of low credibility. Source: DOAJ; license: CC0
not scoredMEDLINE indexed: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made. Source: No authority result supplied; license: Unknown
not scoredOpenAlex core source: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made. Source: No authority result supplied; license: Unknown
not scoredKnown publisher allow-list: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made. Source: No authority result supplied; license: Unknown
not scoredROR affiliation: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made. Source: No authority result supplied; license: Unknown
not scoredRetraction Watch retraction: No retraction notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete. Source: Retraction Watch; license: CC BY 4.0
not scoredRetraction Watch expression of concern: No expression of concern notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete. Source: Retraction Watch; license: CC BY 4.0
not scoredRetraction Watch correction: No correction notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete. Source: Retraction Watch; license: CC BY 4.0
not scoredRetraction Watch reinstatement: No reinstatement notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete. Source: Retraction Watch; license: CC BY 4.0
not scoredOpen access status: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made. Source: No authority result supplied; license: Unknown
not scoredPublication license: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made. Source: No authority result supplied; license: Unknown
not scoredPublication version: A publication version was supplied but is not scored. Source: Normalized work metadata; license: Caller-provided; provenance license not supplied to scorer
supportingMetadata completeness: All 6 scored descriptive metadata groups are present. Source: Normalized work metadata; license: Caller-provided; provenance license not supplied to scorer

Cite this work

BibTeX

@article{allodium:10.2139/ssrn.1915157,
  title = {'关系'、礼物和腐败 - 腐败主体的能动性和腐败交换的运作模式 (Guanxi, Gift and Corruption - The Enabling Role of Corruption Participants in Corrupt Exchange in China)},
  author = {Ling Li},
  year = {2011},
  journal = {SSRN Electronic Journal},
  doi = {10.2139/ssrn.1915157},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1915157}
}

RIS

TY  - JOUR
TI  - '关系'、礼物和腐败 - 腐败主体的能动性和腐败交换的运作模式 (Guanxi, Gift and Corruption - The Enabling Role of Corruption Participants in Corrupt Exchange in China)
AU  - Ling Li
PY  - 2011
JO  - SSRN Electronic Journal
DO  - 10.2139/ssrn.1915157
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1915157
ER  -

APA

Li, L. (2011). '关系'、礼物和腐败 - 腐败主体的能动性和腐败交换的运作模式 (Guanxi, Gift and Corruption - The Enabling Role of Corruption Participants in Corrupt Exchange in China). SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1915157

Source records

crossref · retrieved 2026-09-27T04:23:35.549Z