Analysis of Long-term Follow-up of a Randomized Clinical Trial With Departures From Assigned Treatments: Estimation of Metformin Effects on Diabetes and Its Complications in the Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study

BibTeX

@article{allodium:10.2337/dci25-0032,
  title = {Analysis of Long-term Follow-up of a Randomized Clinical Trial With Departures From Assigned Treatments: Estimation of Metformin Effects on Diabetes and Its Complications in the Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study},
  author = {William C. Knowler and Qing Pan and Shiyu Shu and Mark T. Tripputi and Dana Dabelea and Sharon L. Edelstein and Steven E. Kahn and Shihchen Kuo and José A. Luchsinger and Vallabh Shah and Amisha Wallia and Marinella Temprosa and Unknown and George A. Bray and Kishore M. Gadde and Iris W. Culbert and Jennifer Arceneaux and Annie Chatellier and Amber Dragg and Catherine M. Champagne and Crystal Duncan and Barbara Eberhardt and Frank Greenway and Fonda G. Guillory and April A. Herbert and Michael L. Jeffirs and Betty M. Kennedy and Erma Levy and Monica Lockett and Jennifer C. Lovejoy and Laura H. Morris and Lee E. Melancon and Donna H. Ryan and Deborah A. Sanford and Kenneth G. Smith and Lisa L. Smith and Julia A. St.Amant and Richard T. Tulley and Paula C. Vicknair and Donald Williamson and Jeffery J. Zachwieja and Kenneth S. Polonsky and Janet Tobian and David A. Ehrmann and Margaret J. Matulik and Karla A. Temple and Bart Clark and Kirsten Czech and Catherine DeSandre and Brittnie Dotson and Ruthanne Hilbrich and Wylie McNabb and Ann R. Semenske and Celeste C. Thomas and Jose F. Caro and Kevin Furlong and Barry J. Goldstein and Pamela G. Watson and Kellie A. Smith and Jewel Mendoza and Marsha Simmons and Wendi Wildman and Renee Liberoni and John Spandorfer and Constance Pepe and Richard P. Donahue and Ronald B. Goldberg and Ronald Prineas and Jeanette Calles and Anna Giannella and Patricia Rowe and Juliet Sanguily and Paul Cassanova-Romero and Sumaya Castillo-Florez and Hermes J. Florez and Rajesh Garg and Lascelles Kirby and Olga Lara and Carmen Larreal and Valerie McLymont and Jadell Mendez and Arlette Perry and Patrice Saab and Bertha Veciana and Steven M. Haffner and Helen P. Hazuda and Maria G. Montez and Kathy Hattaway and Juan Isaac and Carlos Lorenzo and Arlene Martinez and Monica Salazar and Tatiana Walker and Dana Dabelea and Richard F. Hamman and Patricia V. Nash and Sheila C. Steinke and Lisa Testaverde and Jennifer Truong and Denise R. Anderson and Larry B. Ballonoff and Alexis Bouffard and Brian Bucca and B. Ned Calonge and Lynne Delve and Martha Farago and James O. Hill and Shelley R. Hoyer and Tonya Jenkins and Bonnie T. Jortberg and Dione Lenz and Marsha Miller and Thomas Nilan and Leigh Perreault and David W. Price and Judith G. Regensteiner and Emily B. Schroeder and Helen Seagle and Carissa M. Smith and Brent VanDorsten and Edward S. Horton and Medha Munshi and Kathleen E. Lawton and Sharon D. Jackson and Catherine S. Poirier and Kati Swift and Ronald A. Arky and Marybeth Bryant and Jacqueline P. Burke and Enrique Caballero and Karen M. Callaphan and Barbara Fargnoli and Therese Franklin and Om P. Ganda and Ashley Guidi and Mathew Guido and Alan M. Jacobsen and Lyn M. Kula and Margaret Kocal and Lori Lambert and Kathleen E. Lawton and Sarah Ledbury and Maureen A. Malloy and Roeland J.W. Middelbeek and Maryanne Nicosia and Cathryn F. Oldmixon and Jocelyn Pan and Marizel Quitingon and Riley Rainville and Stacy Rubtchinsky and Ellen W. Seely and Jessica Sansoucy and Dana Schweizer and Donald Simonson and Fannie Smith and Caren G. Solomon and Jeanne Spellman and James Warram and Steven E. Kahn and Brenda K. Montgomery and Basma Fattaleh and Celeste Colegrove and Wilfred Fujimoto and Robert H. Knopp and Edward W. Lipkin and Michelle Marr and Ivy Morgan-Taggart and Anne Murillo and Kayla O’Neal and Dace Trence and Lonnese Taylor and April Thomas and Elaine C. Tsai and Samuel Dagogo-Jack and Abbas E. Kitabchi and Mary E. Murphy and Laura Taylor and Jennifer Dolgoff and William B. Applegate and Michael Bryer-Ash and Debra Clark and Sandra L. Frieson and Uzoma Ibebuogu and Raed Imseis and Helen Lambeth and Lynne C. Lichtermann and Hooman Oktaei and Harriet Ricks and Lily M.K. Rutledge and Amy R. Sherman and Clara M. Smith and Judith E. Soberman and Beverly Williams-Cleaves and Avnisha Patel and Ebenezer A. Nyenwe and Ethel Faye Hampton and Boyd E. Metzger and Mark E. Molitch and Amisha Wallia and Mariana K. Johnson and Daphne T. Adelman and Catherine Behrends and Michelle Cook and Marian Fitzgibbon and Mimi M. Giles and Deloris Heard and Cheryl K.H. Johnson and Diane Larsen and Anne Lowe and Megan Lyman and David McPherson and Samsam C. Penn and Thomas Pitts and Renee Reinhart and Susan Roston and Pamela A. Schinleber and Matthew O’Brien and Monica Hartmuller and David M. Nathan and Charles McKitrick and Heather Turgeon and Mary Larkin and Marielle Mugford and Kathy Abbott and Ellen Anderson and Laurie Bissett and Kristy Bondi and Enrico Cagliero and Jose C. Florez and Linda Delahanty and Valerie Goldman and Elaine Grassa and Lindsery Gurry and Kali D’Anna and Fernelle Leandre and Peter Lou and Alexandra Poulos Elyse Raymond and Valerie Ripley and Christine Stevens and Beverly Tseng and Kathy Chu and Nopporn Thangthaeng and Jerrold M. Olefsky and Elizabeth Barrett-Connor and Sunder Mudaliar and Maria Rosario Araneta and Mary Lou Carrion-Petersen and Karen Vejvoda and Sarah Bassiouni and Madeline Beltran and Lauren N. Claravall and Jonalle M. Dowden and Steven V. Edelman and Pranav Garimella and Robert R. Henry and Javiva Horne and Marycie Lamkin and Simona Szerdi Janesch and Diana Leos and William Polonsky and Rosa Ruiz and Jean Smith and Jennifer Torio-Hurley and F. Xavier Pi-Sunyer and Blandine Laferrere and Jane E. Lee and Susan Hagamen and David B. Allison and Nnenna Agharanya and Nancy J. Aronoff and Maria Baldo and Jill P. Crandall and Sandra T. Foo and Kim Kelly-Dinham and Carmen Pal and Kathy Parkes and Mary Beth Pena and Ellen S. Rooney and Gretchen E.H. Van Wye and Kristine A. Viscovich and Mary de Groot and David G. Marrero and Kieren J. Mather and Melvin J. Prince and Susie M. Kelly and Marcia A. Jackson and Gina McAtee and Paula Putenney and Ronald T. Ackermann and Carolyn M. Cantrell and Yolanda F. Dotson and Edwin S. Fineberg and Megan Fultz and John C. Guare and Angela Hadden and James M. Ignaut and Marion S. Kirkman and Erin O’Kelly Phillips and Kisha L. Pinner and Beverly D. Porter and Paris J. Roach and Nancy D. Rowland and Madelyn L. Wheeler and Vanita Aroda and Michelle Magee and Robert E. Ratner and Michelle Magee and Gretchen Youssef and Sue Shapiro and Natalie Andon and Catherine Bavido-Arrage and Geraldine Boggs and Marjorie Bronsord and Ernestine Brown and Holly Love Burkott and Wayman W. Cheatham and Susan Cola and Cindy Evans and Peggy Gibbs and Tracy Kellum and Lilia Leon and Milvia Lagarda and Claresa Levatan and Milajurine Lindsay and Asha K. Nair and Jean Park and Maureen Passaro and Angela Silverman and Gabriel Uwaifo and Debra Wells-Thayer and Renee Wiggins and Mohammed F. Saad and Karol Watson and Christine Darwin and Preethi Srikanthan and Tamara Horwich and Adrian Casillas and Arleen Brown and Maria Budget and Sujata Jinagouda and Medhat Botrous and Anthony Sosa and Sameh Tadros and Khan Akbar and Claudia Conzues and Perpetua Magpuri and Carmen Muro and Noemi Neira and Kathy Ngo and Michelle Chan and Veronica Villarreal and Amer Rassam and Debra Waters and Kathy Xapthalamous and Julio V. Santiago and Samuel Dagogo-Jack and Neil H. White and Angela L. Brown and Samia Das and Prajakta Khare-Ranade and Tamara Stich and Ana Santiago and Edwin Fisher and Emma Hurt and Tracy Jones and Michelle Kerr and Lucy Ryder and Cormarie Wernimont and Sherita Hill Golden and Christopher D. Saudek and Vanessa Bradley and Emily Sullivan and Tracy Whittington and Caroline Abbas and Adrienne Allen and Frederick L. Brancati and Sharon Cappelli and Jeanne M. Clark and Jeanne B. Charleston and Janice Freel and Katherine Horak and Alicia Greene and Dawn Jiggetts and Deloris Johnson and Hope Joseph and Kimberly Loman and Nestoras Mathioudakis and Henry Mosley and John Reusing and Richard R. Rubin and Alafia Samuels and Thomas Shields and Shawne Stephens and Kerry J. Stewart and LeeLana Thomas and Evonne Utsey and Paula Williamson and David S. Schade and Karwyn S. Adams and Janene L. Canady and Carolyn Johannes and Claire Hemphill and Penny Hyde and Leslie F. Atler and Patrick J. Boyle and Mark R. Burge and Lisa Chai and Kathleen Colleran and Ateka Fondino and Ysela Gonzales and Doris A. Hernandez-McGinnis and Patricia Katz and Carolyn King and Julia Middendorf and Amer Rassam and Sofya Rubinchik and Willette Senter and Debra Waters and Jill Crandall and Harry Shamoon and Janet O. Brown and Gilda Trandafirescu and Danielle Powell and Norica Tomuta and Elsie Adorno and Liane Cox and Helena Duffy and Samuel Engel and Allison Friedler and Angela Goldstein and Crystal J. Howard-Century and Jennifer Lukin and Stacey Kloiber and Nadege Longchamp and Helen Martinez and Dorothy Pompi and Jonathan Scheindlin and Elissa Violino and Elizabeth A. Walker and Judith Wylie-Rosett and Elise Zimmerman and Joel Zonszein and Trevor Orchard and Elizabeth Venditti and Rena R. Wing and Susan Jeffries and Gaye Koenning and M. Kaye Kramer and Marie Smith and Susan Barr and Catherine Benchoff and Miriam Boraz and Lisa Clifford and Rebecca Culyba and Marlene Frazier and Ryan Gilligan and Stephanie Guimond and Susan Harrier and Louann Harris and Andrea Kriska and Qurashia Manjoo and Monica Mullen and Alicia Noel and Amy Otto and Jessica Pettigrew and Bonny Rockette-Wagner and Debra Rubinstein and Linda Semler and Cheryl F. Smith and Valarie Weinzierl and Katherine V. Williams and Tara Wilson and Bonnie Gillis and Marjorie K. Mau and Narleen K. Baker-Ladao and John S. Melish and Richard F. Arakaki and Renee W. Latimer and Mae K. Isonaga and Ralph Beddow and Nina E. Bermudez and Lorna Dias and Jillian Inouye and Kathy Mikami and Pharis Mohideen and Sharon K. Odom and Raynette U. Perry and Robin E. Yamamoto and William C. Knowler and Robert L. Hanson and Harelda Anderson and Norman Cooeyate and Charlotte Dodge and Mary A. Hoskin and Carol A. Percy and Alvera Enote and Camille Natewa and Kelly J. Acton and Vickie L. Andre and Rosalyn Barber and Shandiin Begay and Peter H. Bennett and Mary Beth Benson and Evelyn C. Bird and Brenda A. Broussard and Brian C. Bucca and Marcella Chavez and Sherron Cook and Jeff Curtis and Tara Dacawyma and Matthew S. Doughty and Roberta Duncan and Cyndy Edgerton and Jacqueline M. Ghahate and Justin Glass and Martia Glass and Dorothy Gohdes and Wendy Grant and Ellie Horse and Louise E. Ingraham and Merry Jackson and Priscilla Jay and Roylen S. Kaskalla and Karen Kavena and David Kessler and Kathleen M. Kobus and Jonathan Krakoff and Jason Kurland and Catherine Manus and Cherie McCabe and Sara Michaels and Tina Morgan and Yolanda Nashboo and Julie A. Nelson and Steven Poirier and Evette Polczynski and Christopher Piromalli and Mike Reidy and Jeanine Roumain and Debra Rowse and Robert J. Roy and Sandra Sangster and Janet Sewenemewa and Miranda Smart and Chelsea Spencer and Darryl Tonemah and Rachel Williams and Charlton Wilson and Michelle Yazzie and Raymond Bain and Sarah Fowler and Marinella Temprosa and Michael D. Larsen and Kathleen Jablonski and Tina Brenneman and Sharon L. Edelstein and Solome Abebe and Julie Bamdad and Melanie Barkalow and Joel Bethepu and Tsedenia Bezabeh and Anna Bowers and Nicole Butler and Jackie Callaghan and Caitlin E. Carter and Costas Christophi and Gregory M. Dwyer and Mary Foulkes and Yuping Gao and Robert Gooding and Adrienne Gottlieb and Kristina L. Grimes and Nisha Grover-Fairchild and Lori Haffner and Heather Hoffman and Steve Jones and Tara L. Jones and Richard Katz and Preethy Kolinjivadi and John M. Lachin and Yong Ma and Pamela Mucik and Robert Orlosky and Qing Pan and Susan Reamer and James Rochon and Alla Sapozhnikova and Hanna Sherif and Charlotte Stimpson and Ashley Hogan Tjaden and Fredricka Walker-Murray and Audrey McMaster and Rhea Mundra and Hannah Rapoport and Nolan Kuenster and Elizabeth M. Venditti and Andrea M. Kriska and Linda Semler and Valerie Weinzierl and Santica Marcovina and F. Alan Aldrich and Jessica Harting and John Albers and Greg Strylewicz and Robert Janicek and Anthony Killeen and Deanna Gabrielson and R. Eastman and Judith Fradkin and Sanford Garfield and Christine Lee and Edward Gregg and Ping Zhang and Dan O’Leary and Gregory Evans and Matthew Budoff and Chris Dailing and Elizabeth Stamm and Ann Schwartz and Caroline Navy and Lisa Palermo and Pentti Rautaharju and Ronald J. Prineas and Teresa Alexander and Charles Campbell and Sharon Hall and Yabing Li and Margaret Mills and Nancy Pemberton and Farida Rautaharju and Zhuming Zhang and Elsayed Z. Soliman and Julie Hu and Susan Hensley and Lisa Keasler and Tonya Taylor and Barbara Blodi and Ronald Danis and Matthew Davis and Larry Hubbard and Ryan Endres and Deborah Elsas and Samantha Johnson and Dawn Myers and Nancy Barrett and Heather Baumhauer and Wendy Benz and Holly Cohn and Ellie Corkery and Kristi Dohm and Amitha Domalpally and Vonnie Gama and Anne Goulding and Andy Ewen and Cynthia Hurtenbach and Daniel Lawrence and Kyle McDaniel and Jeong Pak and James Reimers and Ruth Shaw and Maria Swift and Pamela Vargo and Sheila Watson and Jose A. Luchsinger and Jennifer Manly and Elizabeth Mayer-Davis and Robert R. Moran and Ted Ganiats and Kristin David and Andrew J. Sarkin and Erik Groessl and Naomi Katzir and Helen Chong and William H. Herman and Michael Brändle and Morton B. Brown and David Altshuler and Liana K. Billings and Ling Chen and Maegan Harden and Toni I. Pollin and Alan R. Shuldiner and Paul W. Franks and Marie-France Hivert},
  year = {2025},
  journal = {Diabetes Care},
  doi = {10.2337/dci25-0032},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.2337/dci25-0032}
}

RIS

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Analysis of Long-term Follow-up of a Randomized Clinical Trial With Departures From Assigned Treatments: Estimation of Metformin Effects on Diabetes and Its Complications in the Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study
AU  - William C. Knowler
AU  - Qing Pan
AU  - Shiyu Shu
AU  - Mark T. Tripputi
AU  - Dana Dabelea
AU  - Sharon L. Edelstein
AU  - Steven E. Kahn
AU  - Shihchen Kuo
AU  - José A. Luchsinger
AU  - Vallabh Shah
AU  - Amisha Wallia
AU  - Marinella Temprosa
AU  - Unknown
AU  - George A. Bray
AU  - Kishore M. Gadde
AU  - Iris W. Culbert
AU  - Jennifer Arceneaux
AU  - Annie Chatellier
AU  - Amber Dragg
AU  - Catherine M. Champagne
AU  - Crystal Duncan
AU  - Barbara Eberhardt
AU  - Frank Greenway
AU  - Fonda G. Guillory
AU  - April A. Herbert
AU  - Michael L. Jeffirs
AU  - Betty M. Kennedy
AU  - Erma Levy
AU  - Monica Lockett
AU  - Jennifer C. Lovejoy
AU  - Laura H. Morris
AU  - Lee E. Melancon
AU  - Donna H. Ryan
AU  - Deborah A. Sanford
AU  - Kenneth G. Smith
AU  - Lisa L. Smith
AU  - Julia A. St.Amant
AU  - Richard T. Tulley
AU  - Paula C. Vicknair
AU  - Donald Williamson
AU  - Jeffery J. Zachwieja
AU  - Kenneth S. Polonsky
AU  - Janet Tobian
AU  - David A. Ehrmann
AU  - Margaret J. Matulik
AU  - Karla A. Temple
AU  - Bart Clark
AU  - Kirsten Czech
AU  - Catherine DeSandre
AU  - Brittnie Dotson
AU  - Ruthanne Hilbrich
AU  - Wylie McNabb
AU  - Ann R. Semenske
AU  - Celeste C. Thomas
AU  - Jose F. Caro
AU  - Kevin Furlong
AU  - Barry J. Goldstein
AU  - Pamela G. Watson
AU  - Kellie A. Smith
AU  - Jewel Mendoza
AU  - Marsha Simmons
AU  - Wendi Wildman
AU  - Renee Liberoni
AU  - John Spandorfer
AU  - Constance Pepe
AU  - Richard P. Donahue
AU  - Ronald B. Goldberg
AU  - Ronald Prineas
AU  - Jeanette Calles
AU  - Anna Giannella
AU  - Patricia Rowe
AU  - Juliet Sanguily
AU  - Paul Cassanova-Romero
AU  - Sumaya Castillo-Florez
AU  - Hermes J. Florez
AU  - Rajesh Garg
AU  - Lascelles Kirby
AU  - Olga Lara
AU  - Carmen Larreal
AU  - Valerie McLymont
AU  - Jadell Mendez
AU  - Arlette Perry
AU  - Patrice Saab
AU  - Bertha Veciana
AU  - Steven M. Haffner
AU  - Helen P. Hazuda
AU  - Maria G. Montez
AU  - Kathy Hattaway
AU  - Juan Isaac
AU  - Carlos Lorenzo
AU  - Arlene Martinez
AU  - Monica Salazar
AU  - Tatiana Walker
AU  - Dana Dabelea
AU  - Richard F. Hamman
AU  - Patricia V. Nash
AU  - Sheila C. Steinke
AU  - Lisa Testaverde
AU  - Jennifer Truong
AU  - Denise R. Anderson
AU  - Larry B. Ballonoff
AU  - Alexis Bouffard
AU  - Brian Bucca
AU  - B. Ned Calonge
AU  - Lynne Delve
AU  - Martha Farago
AU  - James O. Hill
AU  - Shelley R. Hoyer
AU  - Tonya Jenkins
AU  - Bonnie T. Jortberg
AU  - Dione Lenz
AU  - Marsha Miller
AU  - Thomas Nilan
AU  - Leigh Perreault
AU  - David W. Price
AU  - Judith G. Regensteiner
AU  - Emily B. Schroeder
AU  - Helen Seagle
AU  - Carissa M. Smith
AU  - Brent VanDorsten
AU  - Edward S. Horton
AU  - Medha Munshi
AU  - Kathleen E. Lawton
AU  - Sharon D. Jackson
AU  - Catherine S. Poirier
AU  - Kati Swift
AU  - Ronald A. Arky
AU  - Marybeth Bryant
AU  - Jacqueline P. Burke
AU  - Enrique Caballero
AU  - Karen M. Callaphan
AU  - Barbara Fargnoli
AU  - Therese Franklin
AU  - Om P. Ganda
AU  - Ashley Guidi
AU  - Mathew Guido
AU  - Alan M. Jacobsen
AU  - Lyn M. Kula
AU  - Margaret Kocal
AU  - Lori Lambert
AU  - Kathleen E. Lawton
AU  - Sarah Ledbury
AU  - Maureen A. Malloy
AU  - Roeland J.W. Middelbeek
AU  - Maryanne Nicosia
AU  - Cathryn F. Oldmixon
AU  - Jocelyn Pan
AU  - Marizel Quitingon
AU  - Riley Rainville
AU  - Stacy Rubtchinsky
AU  - Ellen W. Seely
AU  - Jessica Sansoucy
AU  - Dana Schweizer
AU  - Donald Simonson
AU  - Fannie Smith
AU  - Caren G. Solomon
AU  - Jeanne Spellman
AU  - James Warram
AU  - Steven E. Kahn
AU  - Brenda K. Montgomery
AU  - Basma Fattaleh
AU  - Celeste Colegrove
AU  - Wilfred Fujimoto
AU  - Robert H. Knopp
AU  - Edward W. Lipkin
AU  - Michelle Marr
AU  - Ivy Morgan-Taggart
AU  - Anne Murillo
AU  - Kayla O’Neal
AU  - Dace Trence
AU  - Lonnese Taylor
AU  - April Thomas
AU  - Elaine C. Tsai
AU  - Samuel Dagogo-Jack
AU  - Abbas E. Kitabchi
AU  - Mary E. Murphy
AU  - Laura Taylor
AU  - Jennifer Dolgoff
AU  - William B. Applegate
AU  - Michael Bryer-Ash
AU  - Debra Clark
AU  - Sandra L. Frieson
AU  - Uzoma Ibebuogu
AU  - Raed Imseis
AU  - Helen Lambeth
AU  - Lynne C. Lichtermann
AU  - Hooman Oktaei
AU  - Harriet Ricks
AU  - Lily M.K. Rutledge
AU  - Amy R. Sherman
AU  - Clara M. Smith
AU  - Judith E. Soberman
AU  - Beverly Williams-Cleaves
AU  - Avnisha Patel
AU  - Ebenezer A. Nyenwe
AU  - Ethel Faye Hampton
AU  - Boyd E. Metzger
AU  - Mark E. Molitch
AU  - Amisha Wallia
AU  - Mariana K. Johnson
AU  - Daphne T. Adelman
AU  - Catherine Behrends
AU  - Michelle Cook
AU  - Marian Fitzgibbon
AU  - Mimi M. Giles
AU  - Deloris Heard
AU  - Cheryl K.H. Johnson
AU  - Diane Larsen
AU  - Anne Lowe
AU  - Megan Lyman
AU  - David McPherson
AU  - Samsam C. Penn
AU  - Thomas Pitts
AU  - Renee Reinhart
AU  - Susan Roston
AU  - Pamela A. Schinleber
AU  - Matthew O’Brien
AU  - Monica Hartmuller
AU  - David M. Nathan
AU  - Charles McKitrick
AU  - Heather Turgeon
AU  - Mary Larkin
AU  - Marielle Mugford
AU  - Kathy Abbott
AU  - Ellen Anderson
AU  - Laurie Bissett
AU  - Kristy Bondi
AU  - Enrico Cagliero
AU  - Jose C. Florez
AU  - Linda Delahanty
AU  - Valerie Goldman
AU  - Elaine Grassa
AU  - Lindsery Gurry
AU  - Kali D’Anna
AU  - Fernelle Leandre
AU  - Peter Lou
AU  - Alexandra Poulos Elyse Raymond
AU  - Valerie Ripley
AU  - Christine Stevens
AU  - Beverly Tseng
AU  - Kathy Chu
AU  - Nopporn Thangthaeng
AU  - Jerrold M. Olefsky
AU  - Elizabeth Barrett-Connor
AU  - Sunder Mudaliar
AU  - Maria Rosario Araneta
AU  - Mary Lou Carrion-Petersen
AU  - Karen Vejvoda
AU  - Sarah Bassiouni
AU  - Madeline Beltran
AU  - Lauren N. Claravall
AU  - Jonalle M. Dowden
AU  - Steven V. Edelman
AU  - Pranav Garimella
AU  - Robert R. Henry
AU  - Javiva Horne
AU  - Marycie Lamkin
AU  - Simona Szerdi Janesch
AU  - Diana Leos
AU  - William Polonsky
AU  - Rosa Ruiz
AU  - Jean Smith
AU  - Jennifer Torio-Hurley
AU  - F. Xavier Pi-Sunyer
AU  - Blandine Laferrere
AU  - Jane E. Lee
AU  - Susan Hagamen
AU  - David B. Allison
AU  - Nnenna Agharanya
AU  - Nancy J. Aronoff
AU  - Maria Baldo
AU  - Jill P. Crandall
AU  - Sandra T. Foo
AU  - Kim Kelly-Dinham
AU  - Carmen Pal
AU  - Kathy Parkes
AU  - Mary Beth Pena
AU  - Ellen S. Rooney
AU  - Gretchen E.H. Van Wye
AU  - Kristine A. Viscovich
AU  - Mary de Groot
AU  - David G. Marrero
AU  - Kieren J. Mather
AU  - Melvin J. Prince
AU  - Susie M. Kelly
AU  - Marcia A. Jackson
AU  - Gina McAtee
AU  - Paula Putenney
AU  - Ronald T. Ackermann
AU  - Carolyn M. Cantrell
AU  - Yolanda F. Dotson
AU  - Edwin S. Fineberg
AU  - Megan Fultz
AU  - John C. Guare
AU  - Angela Hadden
AU  - James M. Ignaut
AU  - Marion S. Kirkman
AU  - Erin O’Kelly Phillips
AU  - Kisha L. Pinner
AU  - Beverly D. Porter
AU  - Paris J. Roach
AU  - Nancy D. Rowland
AU  - Madelyn L. Wheeler
AU  - Vanita Aroda
AU  - Michelle Magee
AU  - Robert E. Ratner
AU  - Michelle Magee
AU  - Gretchen Youssef
AU  - Sue Shapiro
AU  - Natalie Andon
AU  - Catherine Bavido-Arrage
AU  - Geraldine Boggs
AU  - Marjorie Bronsord
AU  - Ernestine Brown
AU  - Holly Love Burkott
AU  - Wayman W. Cheatham
AU  - Susan Cola
AU  - Cindy Evans
AU  - Peggy Gibbs
AU  - Tracy Kellum
AU  - Lilia Leon
AU  - Milvia Lagarda
AU  - Claresa Levatan
AU  - Milajurine Lindsay
AU  - Asha K. Nair
AU  - Jean Park
AU  - Maureen Passaro
AU  - Angela Silverman
AU  - Gabriel Uwaifo
AU  - Debra Wells-Thayer
AU  - Renee Wiggins
AU  - Mohammed F. Saad
AU  - Karol Watson
AU  - Christine Darwin
AU  - Preethi Srikanthan
AU  - Tamara Horwich
AU  - Adrian Casillas
AU  - Arleen Brown
AU  - Maria Budget
AU  - Sujata Jinagouda
AU  - Medhat Botrous
AU  - Anthony Sosa
AU  - Sameh Tadros
AU  - Khan Akbar
AU  - Claudia Conzues
AU  - Perpetua Magpuri
AU  - Carmen Muro
AU  - Noemi Neira
AU  - Kathy Ngo
AU  - Michelle Chan
AU  - Veronica Villarreal
AU  - Amer Rassam
AU  - Debra Waters
AU  - Kathy Xapthalamous
AU  - Julio V. Santiago
AU  - Samuel Dagogo-Jack
AU  - Neil H. White
AU  - Angela L. Brown
AU  - Samia Das
AU  - Prajakta Khare-Ranade
AU  - Tamara Stich
AU  - Ana Santiago
AU  - Edwin Fisher
AU  - Emma Hurt
AU  - Tracy Jones
AU  - Michelle Kerr
AU  - Lucy Ryder
AU  - Cormarie Wernimont
AU  - Sherita Hill Golden
AU  - Christopher D. Saudek
AU  - Vanessa Bradley
AU  - Emily Sullivan
AU  - Tracy Whittington
AU  - Caroline Abbas
AU  - Adrienne Allen
AU  - Frederick L. Brancati
AU  - Sharon Cappelli
AU  - Jeanne M. Clark
AU  - Jeanne B. Charleston
AU  - Janice Freel
AU  - Katherine Horak
AU  - Alicia Greene
AU  - Dawn Jiggetts
AU  - Deloris Johnson
AU  - Hope Joseph
AU  - Kimberly Loman
AU  - Nestoras Mathioudakis
AU  - Henry Mosley
AU  - John Reusing
AU  - Richard R. Rubin
AU  - Alafia Samuels
AU  - Thomas Shields
AU  - Shawne Stephens
AU  - Kerry J. Stewart
AU  - LeeLana Thomas
AU  - Evonne Utsey
AU  - Paula Williamson
AU  - David S. Schade
AU  - Karwyn S. Adams
AU  - Janene L. Canady
AU  - Carolyn Johannes
AU  - Claire Hemphill
AU  - Penny Hyde
AU  - Leslie F. Atler
AU  - Patrick J. Boyle
AU  - Mark R. Burge
AU  - Lisa Chai
AU  - Kathleen Colleran
AU  - Ateka Fondino
AU  - Ysela Gonzales
AU  - Doris A. Hernandez-McGinnis
AU  - Patricia Katz
AU  - Carolyn King
AU  - Julia Middendorf
AU  - Amer Rassam
AU  - Sofya Rubinchik
AU  - Willette Senter
AU  - Debra Waters
AU  - Jill Crandall
AU  - Harry Shamoon
AU  - Janet O. Brown
AU  - Gilda Trandafirescu
AU  - Danielle Powell
AU  - Norica Tomuta
AU  - Elsie Adorno
AU  - Liane Cox
AU  - Helena Duffy
AU  - Samuel Engel
AU  - Allison Friedler
AU  - Angela Goldstein
AU  - Crystal J. Howard-Century
AU  - Jennifer Lukin
AU  - Stacey Kloiber
AU  - Nadege Longchamp
AU  - Helen Martinez
AU  - Dorothy Pompi
AU  - Jonathan Scheindlin
AU  - Elissa Violino
AU  - Elizabeth A. Walker
AU  - Judith Wylie-Rosett
AU  - Elise Zimmerman
AU  - Joel Zonszein
AU  - Trevor Orchard
AU  - Elizabeth Venditti
AU  - Rena R. Wing
AU  - Susan Jeffries
AU  - Gaye Koenning
AU  - M. Kaye Kramer
AU  - Marie Smith
AU  - Susan Barr
AU  - Catherine Benchoff
AU  - Miriam Boraz
AU  - Lisa Clifford
AU  - Rebecca Culyba
AU  - Marlene Frazier
AU  - Ryan Gilligan
AU  - Stephanie Guimond
AU  - Susan Harrier
AU  - Louann Harris
AU  - Andrea Kriska
AU  - Qurashia Manjoo
AU  - Monica Mullen
AU  - Alicia Noel
AU  - Amy Otto
AU  - Jessica Pettigrew
AU  - Bonny Rockette-Wagner
AU  - Debra Rubinstein
AU  - Linda Semler
AU  - Cheryl F. Smith
AU  - Valarie Weinzierl
AU  - Katherine V. Williams
AU  - Tara Wilson
AU  - Bonnie Gillis
AU  - Marjorie K. Mau
AU  - Narleen K. Baker-Ladao
AU  - John S. Melish
AU  - Richard F. Arakaki
AU  - Renee W. Latimer
AU  - Mae K. Isonaga
AU  - Ralph Beddow
AU  - Nina E. Bermudez
AU  - Lorna Dias
AU  - Jillian Inouye
AU  - Kathy Mikami
AU  - Pharis Mohideen
AU  - Sharon K. Odom
AU  - Raynette U. Perry
AU  - Robin E. Yamamoto
AU  - William C. Knowler
AU  - Robert L. Hanson
AU  - Harelda Anderson
AU  - Norman Cooeyate
AU  - Charlotte Dodge
AU  - Mary A. Hoskin
AU  - Carol A. Percy
AU  - Alvera Enote
AU  - Camille Natewa
AU  - Kelly J. Acton
AU  - Vickie L. Andre
AU  - Rosalyn Barber
AU  - Shandiin Begay
AU  - Peter H. Bennett
AU  - Mary Beth Benson
AU  - Evelyn C. Bird
AU  - Brenda A. Broussard
AU  - Brian C. Bucca
AU  - Marcella Chavez
AU  - Sherron Cook
AU  - Jeff Curtis
AU  - Tara Dacawyma
AU  - Matthew S. Doughty
AU  - Roberta Duncan
AU  - Cyndy Edgerton
AU  - Jacqueline M. Ghahate
AU  - Justin Glass
AU  - Martia Glass
AU  - Dorothy Gohdes
AU  - Wendy Grant
AU  - Ellie Horse
AU  - Louise E. Ingraham
AU  - Merry Jackson
AU  - Priscilla Jay
AU  - Roylen S. Kaskalla
AU  - Karen Kavena
AU  - David Kessler
AU  - Kathleen M. Kobus
AU  - Jonathan Krakoff
AU  - Jason Kurland
AU  - Catherine Manus
AU  - Cherie McCabe
AU  - Sara Michaels
AU  - Tina Morgan
AU  - Yolanda Nashboo
AU  - Julie A. Nelson
AU  - Steven Poirier
AU  - Evette Polczynski
AU  - Christopher Piromalli
AU  - Mike Reidy
AU  - Jeanine Roumain
AU  - Debra Rowse
AU  - Robert J. Roy
AU  - Sandra Sangster
AU  - Janet Sewenemewa
AU  - Miranda Smart
AU  - Chelsea Spencer
AU  - Darryl Tonemah
AU  - Rachel Williams
AU  - Charlton Wilson
AU  - Michelle Yazzie
AU  - Raymond Bain
AU  - Sarah Fowler
AU  - Marinella Temprosa
AU  - Michael D. Larsen
AU  - Kathleen Jablonski
AU  - Tina Brenneman
AU  - Sharon L. Edelstein
AU  - Solome Abebe
AU  - Julie Bamdad
AU  - Melanie Barkalow
AU  - Joel Bethepu
AU  - Tsedenia Bezabeh
AU  - Anna Bowers
AU  - Nicole Butler
AU  - Jackie Callaghan
AU  - Caitlin E. Carter
AU  - Costas Christophi
AU  - Gregory M. Dwyer
AU  - Mary Foulkes
AU  - Yuping Gao
AU  - Robert Gooding
AU  - Adrienne Gottlieb
AU  - Kristina L. Grimes
AU  - Nisha Grover-Fairchild
AU  - Lori Haffner
AU  - Heather Hoffman
AU  - Steve Jones
AU  - Tara L. Jones
AU  - Richard Katz
AU  - Preethy Kolinjivadi
AU  - John M. Lachin
AU  - Yong Ma
AU  - Pamela Mucik
AU  - Robert Orlosky
AU  - Qing Pan
AU  - Susan Reamer
AU  - James Rochon
AU  - Alla Sapozhnikova
AU  - Hanna Sherif
AU  - Charlotte Stimpson
AU  - Ashley Hogan Tjaden
AU  - Fredricka Walker-Murray
AU  - Audrey McMaster
AU  - Rhea Mundra
AU  - Hannah Rapoport
AU  - Nolan Kuenster
AU  - Elizabeth M. Venditti
AU  - Andrea M. Kriska
AU  - Linda Semler
AU  - Valerie Weinzierl
AU  - Santica Marcovina
AU  - F. Alan Aldrich
AU  - Jessica Harting
AU  - John Albers
AU  - Greg Strylewicz
AU  - Robert Janicek
AU  - Anthony Killeen
AU  - Deanna Gabrielson
AU  - R. Eastman
AU  - Judith Fradkin
AU  - Sanford Garfield
AU  - Christine Lee
AU  - Edward Gregg
AU  - Ping Zhang
AU  - Dan O’Leary
AU  - Gregory Evans
AU  - Matthew Budoff
AU  - Chris Dailing
AU  - Elizabeth Stamm
AU  - Ann Schwartz
AU  - Caroline Navy
AU  - Lisa Palermo
AU  - Pentti Rautaharju
AU  - Ronald J. Prineas
AU  - Teresa Alexander
AU  - Charles Campbell
AU  - Sharon Hall
AU  - Yabing Li
AU  - Margaret Mills
AU  - Nancy Pemberton
AU  - Farida Rautaharju
AU  - Zhuming Zhang
AU  - Elsayed Z. Soliman
AU  - Julie Hu
AU  - Susan Hensley
AU  - Lisa Keasler
AU  - Tonya Taylor
AU  - Barbara Blodi
AU  - Ronald Danis
AU  - Matthew Davis
AU  - Larry Hubbard
AU  - Ryan Endres
AU  - Deborah Elsas
AU  - Samantha Johnson
AU  - Dawn Myers
AU  - Nancy Barrett
AU  - Heather Baumhauer
AU  - Wendy Benz
AU  - Holly Cohn
AU  - Ellie Corkery
AU  - Kristi Dohm
AU  - Amitha Domalpally
AU  - Vonnie Gama
AU  - Anne Goulding
AU  - Andy Ewen
AU  - Cynthia Hurtenbach
AU  - Daniel Lawrence
AU  - Kyle McDaniel
AU  - Jeong Pak
AU  - James Reimers
AU  - Ruth Shaw
AU  - Maria Swift
AU  - Pamela Vargo
AU  - Sheila Watson
AU  - Jose A. Luchsinger
AU  - Jennifer Manly
AU  - Elizabeth Mayer-Davis
AU  - Robert R. Moran
AU  - Ted Ganiats
AU  - Kristin David
AU  - Andrew J. Sarkin
AU  - Erik Groessl
AU  - Naomi Katzir
AU  - Helen Chong
AU  - William H. Herman
AU  - Michael Brändle
AU  - Morton B. Brown
AU  - David Altshuler
AU  - Liana K. Billings
AU  - Ling Chen
AU  - Maegan Harden
AU  - Toni I. Pollin
AU  - Alan R. Shuldiner
AU  - Paul W. Franks
AU  - Marie-France Hivert
PY  - 2025
JO  - Diabetes Care
DO  - 10.2337/dci25-0032
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2337/dci25-0032
ER  - 

APA

Knowler, W. C., Pan, Q., Shu, S., Tripputi, M. T., Dabelea, D., Edelstein, S. L., Kahn, S. E., Kuo, S., Luchsinger, J. A., Shah, V., Wallia, A., Temprosa, M., Unknown, Bray, G. A., Gadde, K. M., Culbert, I. W., Arceneaux, J., Chatellier, A., Dragg, A., Champagne, C. M., Duncan, C., Eberhardt, B., Greenway, F., Guillory, F. G., Herbert, A. A., Jeffirs, M. L., Kennedy, B. M., Levy, E., Lockett, M., Lovejoy, J. C., Morris, L. H., Melancon, L. E., Ryan, D. H., Sanford, D. A., Smith, K. G., Smith, L. L., St.Amant, J. A., Tulley, R. T., Vicknair, P. C., Williamson, D., Zachwieja, J. J., Polonsky, K. S., Tobian, J., Ehrmann, D. A., Matulik, M. J., Temple, K. A., Clark, B., Czech, K., DeSandre, C., Dotson, B., Hilbrich, R., McNabb, W., Semenske, A. R., Thomas, C. C., Caro, J. F., Furlong, K., Goldstein, B. J., Watson, P. G., Smith, K. A., Mendoza, J., Simmons, M., Wildman, W., Liberoni, R., Spandorfer, J., Pepe, C., Donahue, R. P., Goldberg, R. B., Prineas, R., Calles, J., Giannella, A., Rowe, P., Sanguily, J., Cassanova-Romero, P., Castillo-Florez, S., Florez, H. J., Garg, R., Kirby, L., Lara, O., Larreal, C., McLymont, V., Mendez, J., Perry, A., Saab, P., Veciana, B., Haffner, S. M., Hazuda, H. P., Montez, M. G., Hattaway, K., Isaac, J., Lorenzo, C., Martinez, A., Salazar, M., Walker, T., Dabelea, D., Hamman, R. F., Nash, P. V., Steinke, S. C., Testaverde, L., Truong, J., Anderson, D. R., Ballonoff, L. B., Bouffard, A., Bucca, B., Calonge, B. N., Delve, L., Farago, M., Hill, J. O., Hoyer, S. R., Jenkins, T., Jortberg, B. T., Lenz, D., Miller, M., Nilan, T., Perreault, L., Price, D. W., Regensteiner, J. G., Schroeder, E. B., Seagle, H., Smith, C. M., VanDorsten, B., Horton, E. S., Munshi, M., Lawton, K. E., Jackson, S. D., Poirier, C. S., Swift, K., Arky, R. A., Bryant, M., Burke, J. P., Caballero, E., Callaphan, K. M., Fargnoli, B., Franklin, T., Ganda, O. P., Guidi, A., Guido, M., Jacobsen, A. M., Kula, L. M., Kocal, M., Lambert, L., Lawton, K. E., Ledbury, S., Malloy, M. A., Middelbeek, R. J., Nicosia, M., Oldmixon, C. F., Pan, J., Quitingon, M., Rainville, R., Rubtchinsky, S., Seely, E. W., Sansoucy, J., Schweizer, D., Simonson, D., Smith, F., Solomon, C. G., Spellman, J., Warram, J., Kahn, S. E., Montgomery, B. K., Fattaleh, B., Colegrove, C., Fujimoto, W., Knopp, R. H., Lipkin, E. W., Marr, M., Morgan-Taggart, I., Murillo, A., O’Neal, K., Trence, D., Taylor, L., Thomas, A., Tsai, E. C., Dagogo-Jack, S., Kitabchi, A. E., Murphy, M. E., Taylor, L., Dolgoff, J., Applegate, W. B., Bryer-Ash, M., Clark, D., Frieson, S. L., Ibebuogu, U., Imseis, R., Lambeth, H., Lichtermann, L. C., Oktaei, H., Ricks, H., Rutledge, L. M., Sherman, A. R., Smith, C. M., Soberman, J. E., Williams-Cleaves, B., Patel, A., Nyenwe, E. A., Hampton, E. F., Metzger, B. E., Molitch, M. E., Wallia, A., Johnson, M. K., Adelman, D. T., Behrends, C., Cook, M., Fitzgibbon, M., Giles, M. M., Heard, D., Johnson, C. K., Larsen, D., Lowe, A., Lyman, M., McPherson, D., Penn, S. C., Pitts, T., Reinhart, R., Roston, S., Schinleber, P. A., O’Brien, M., Hartmuller, M., Nathan, D. M., McKitrick, C., Turgeon, H., Larkin, M., Mugford, M., Abbott, K., Anderson, E., Bissett, L., Bondi, K., Cagliero, E., Florez, J. C., Delahanty, L., Goldman, V., Grassa, E., Gurry, L., D’Anna, K., Leandre, F., Lou, P., Raymond, A. P. E., Ripley, V., Stevens, C., Tseng, B., Chu, K., Thangthaeng, N., Olefsky, J. M., Barrett-Connor, E., Mudaliar, S., Araneta, M. R., Carrion-Petersen, M. L., Vejvoda, K., Bassiouni, S., Beltran, M., Claravall, L. N., Dowden, J. M., Edelman, S. V., Garimella, P., Henry, R. R., Horne, J., Lamkin, M., Janesch, S. S., Leos, D., Polonsky, W., Ruiz, R., Smith, J., Torio-Hurley, J., Pi-Sunyer, F. X., Laferrere, B., Lee, J. E., Hagamen, S., Allison, D. B., Agharanya, N., Aronoff, N. J., Baldo, M., Crandall, J. P., Foo, S. T., Kelly-Dinham, K., Pal, C., Parkes, K., Pena, M. B., Rooney, E. S., Wye, G. E. V., Viscovich, K. A., Groot, M. D., Marrero, D. G., Mather, K. J., Prince, M. J., Kelly, S. M., Jackson, M. A., McAtee, G., Putenney, P., Ackermann, R. T., Cantrell, C. M., Dotson, Y. F., Fineberg, E. S., Fultz, M., Guare, J. C., Hadden, A., Ignaut, J. M., Kirkman, M. S., Phillips, E. O., Pinner, K. L., Porter, B. D., Roach, P. J., Rowland, N. D., Wheeler, M. L., Aroda, V., Magee, M., Ratner, R. E., Magee, M., Youssef, G., Shapiro, S., Andon, N., Bavido-Arrage, C., Boggs, G., Bronsord, M., Brown, E., Burkott, H. L., Cheatham, W. W., Cola, S., Evans, C., Gibbs, P., Kellum, T., Leon, L., Lagarda, M., Levatan, C., Lindsay, M., Nair, A. K., Park, J., Passaro, M., Silverman, A., Uwaifo, G., Wells-Thayer, D., Wiggins, R., Saad, M. F., Watson, K., Darwin, C., Srikanthan, P., Horwich, T., Casillas, A., Brown, A., Budget, M., Jinagouda, S., Botrous, M., Sosa, A., Tadros, S., Akbar, K., Conzues, C., Magpuri, P., Muro, C., Neira, N., Ngo, K., Chan, M., Villarreal, V., Rassam, A., Waters, D., Xapthalamous, K., Santiago, J. V., Dagogo-Jack, S., White, N. H., Brown, A. L., Das, S., Khare-Ranade, P., Stich, T., Santiago, A., Fisher, E., Hurt, E., Jones, T., Kerr, M., Ryder, L., Wernimont, C., Golden, S. H., Saudek, C. D., Bradley, V., Sullivan, E., Whittington, T., Abbas, C., Allen, A., Brancati, F. L., Cappelli, S., Clark, J. M., Charleston, J. B., Freel, J., Horak, K., Greene, A., Jiggetts, D., Johnson, D., Joseph, H., Loman, K., Mathioudakis, N., Mosley, H., Reusing, J., Rubin, R. R., Samuels, A., Shields, T., Stephens, S., Stewart, K. J., Thomas, L., Utsey, E., Williamson, P., Schade, D. S., Adams, K. S., Canady, J. L., Johannes, C., Hemphill, C., Hyde, P., Atler, L. F., Boyle, P. J., Burge, M. R., Chai, L., Colleran, K., Fondino, A., Gonzales, Y., Hernandez-McGinnis, D. A., Katz, P., King, C., Middendorf, J., Rassam, A., Rubinchik, S., Senter, W., Waters, D., Crandall, J., Shamoon, H., Brown, J. O., Trandafirescu, G., Powell, D., Tomuta, N., Adorno, E., Cox, L., Duffy, H., Engel, S., Friedler, A., Goldstein, A., Howard-Century, C. J., Lukin, J., Kloiber, S., Longchamp, N., Martinez, H., Pompi, D., Scheindlin, J., Violino, E., Walker, E. A., Wylie-Rosett, J., Zimmerman, E., Zonszein, J., Orchard, T., Venditti, E., Wing, R. R., Jeffries, S., Koenning, G., Kramer, M. K., Smith, M., Barr, S., Benchoff, C., Boraz, M., Clifford, L., Culyba, R., Frazier, M., Gilligan, R., Guimond, S., Harrier, S., Harris, L., Kriska, A., Manjoo, Q., Mullen, M., Noel, A., Otto, A., Pettigrew, J., Rockette-Wagner, B., Rubinstein, D., Semler, L., Smith, C. F., Weinzierl, V., Williams, K. V., Wilson, T., Gillis, B., Mau, M. K., Baker-Ladao, N. K., Melish, J. S., Arakaki, R. F., Latimer, R. W., Isonaga, M. K., Beddow, R., Bermudez, N. E., Dias, L., Inouye, J., Mikami, K., Mohideen, P., Odom, S. K., Perry, R. U., Yamamoto, R. E., Knowler, W. C., Hanson, R. L., Anderson, H., Cooeyate, N., Dodge, C., Hoskin, M. A., Percy, C. A., Enote, A., Natewa, C., Acton, K. J., Andre, V. L., Barber, R., Begay, S., Bennett, P. H., Benson, M. B., Bird, E. C., Broussard, B. A., Bucca, B. C., Chavez, M., Cook, S., Curtis, J., Dacawyma, T., Doughty, M. S., Duncan, R., Edgerton, C., Ghahate, J. M., Glass, J., Glass, M., Gohdes, D., Grant, W., Horse, E., Ingraham, L. E., Jackson, M., Jay, P., Kaskalla, R. S., Kavena, K., Kessler, D., Kobus, K. M., Krakoff, J., Kurland, J., Manus, C., McCabe, C., Michaels, S., Morgan, T., Nashboo, Y., Nelson, J. A., Poirier, S., Polczynski, E., Piromalli, C., Reidy, M., Roumain, J., Rowse, D., Roy, R. J., Sangster, S., Sewenemewa, J., Smart, M., Spencer, C., Tonemah, D., Williams, R., Wilson, C., Yazzie, M., Bain, R., Fowler, S., Temprosa, M., Larsen, M. D., Jablonski, K., Brenneman, T., Edelstein, S. L., Abebe, S., Bamdad, J., Barkalow, M., Bethepu, J., Bezabeh, T., Bowers, A., Butler, N., Callaghan, J., Carter, C. E., Christophi, C., Dwyer, G. M., Foulkes, M., Gao, Y., Gooding, R., Gottlieb, A., Grimes, K. L., Grover-Fairchild, N., Haffner, L., Hoffman, H., Jones, S., Jones, T. L., Katz, R., Kolinjivadi, P., Lachin, J. M., Ma, Y., Mucik, P., Orlosky, R., Pan, Q., Reamer, S., Rochon, J., Sapozhnikova, A., Sherif, H., Stimpson, C., Tjaden, A. H., Walker-Murray, F., McMaster, A., Mundra, R., Rapoport, H., Kuenster, N., Venditti, E. M., Kriska, A. M., Semler, L., Weinzierl, V., Marcovina, S., Aldrich, F. A., Harting, J., Albers, J., Strylewicz, G., Janicek, R., Killeen, A., Gabrielson, D., Eastman, R., Fradkin, J., Garfield, S., Lee, C., Gregg, E., Zhang, P., O’Leary, D., Evans, G., Budoff, M., Dailing, C., Stamm, E., Schwartz, A., Navy, C., Palermo, L., Rautaharju, P., Prineas, R. J., Alexander, T., Campbell, C., Hall, S., Li, Y., Mills, M., Pemberton, N., Rautaharju, F., Zhang, Z., Soliman, E. Z., Hu, J., Hensley, S., Keasler, L., Taylor, T., Blodi, B., Danis, R., Davis, M., Hubbard, L., Endres, R., Elsas, D., Johnson, S., Myers, D., Barrett, N., Baumhauer, H., Benz, W., Cohn, H., Corkery, E., Dohm, K., Domalpally, A., Gama, V., Goulding, A., Ewen, A., Hurtenbach, C., Lawrence, D., McDaniel, K., Pak, J., Reimers, J., Shaw, R., Swift, M., Vargo, P., Watson, S., Luchsinger, J. A., Manly, J., Mayer-Davis, E., Moran, R. R., Ganiats, T., David, K., Sarkin, A. J., Groessl, E., Katzir, N., Chong, H., Herman, W. H., Brändle, M., Brown, M. B., Altshuler, D., Billings, L. K., Chen, L., Harden, M., Pollin, T. I., Shuldiner, A. R., Franks, P. W., & Hivert, M. (2025). Analysis of Long-term Follow-up of a Randomized Clinical Trial With Departures From Assigned Treatments: Estimation of Metformin Effects on Diabetes and Its Complications in the Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study. Diabetes Care. https://doi.org/10.2337/dci25-0032