Probabilistic Risk Assessment of Grid-Scale Lithium-Ion Battery Energy Storage System Fire Hazards: Hydrogen Fluoride (HF) Toxicity, Suppression Effectiveness, and Comparative Compartment Design Analysis

Samson Tan, Teik Toe Teoh, Paul Joseph, Khalid Moinuddin

Open source

DOI
10.3390/fire9080319
Published
2026-08-01
Container
Fire
Publisher
MDPI AG
Open access
unknown

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BibTeX

@article{allodium:10.3390/fire9080319,
  title = {Probabilistic Risk Assessment of Grid-Scale Lithium-Ion Battery Energy Storage System Fire Hazards: Hydrogen Fluoride (HF) Toxicity, Suppression Effectiveness, and Comparative Compartment Design Analysis},
  author = {Samson Tan and Teik Toe Teoh and Paul Joseph and Khalid Moinuddin},
  year = {2026},
  journal = {Fire},
  doi = {10.3390/fire9080319},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.3390/fire9080319}
}

RIS

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Probabilistic Risk Assessment of Grid-Scale Lithium-Ion Battery Energy Storage System Fire Hazards: Hydrogen Fluoride (HF) Toxicity, Suppression Effectiveness, and Comparative Compartment Design Analysis
AU  - Samson Tan
AU  - Teik Toe Teoh
AU  - Paul Joseph
AU  - Khalid Moinuddin
PY  - 2026
JO  - Fire
DO  - 10.3390/fire9080319
UR  - https://doi.org/10.3390/fire9080319
ER  - 

APA

Tan, S., Teoh, T. T., Joseph, P., & Moinuddin, K. (2026). Probabilistic Risk Assessment of Grid-Scale Lithium-Ion Battery Energy Storage System Fire Hazards: Hydrogen Fluoride (HF) Toxicity, Suppression Effectiveness, and Comparative Compartment Design Analysis. Fire. https://doi.org/10.3390/fire9080319

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