Real-Time Estimation of Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) Scores Using Machine Learning-Based Facial Expression Analysis: A Proof-of-Concept Study

Kentaro Uejima, Tsutomu Takahashi, Miki Matsui, Sakae Fukushima, Yoshifumi Nishi

Open source

DOI: 10.7759/cureus.107883
Published: 2026-04-28
Container: Cureus
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Open access: unknown

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Cite this work

BibTeX

@article{allodium:10.7759/cureus.107883,
  title = {Real-Time Estimation of Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) Scores Using Machine Learning-Based Facial Expression Analysis: A Proof-of-Concept Study},
  author = {Kentaro Uejima and Tsutomu Takahashi and Miki Matsui and Sakae Fukushima and Yoshifumi Nishi},
  year = {2026},
  journal = {Cureus},
  doi = {10.7759/cureus.107883},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.107883}
}

RIS

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Real-Time Estimation of Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) Scores Using Machine Learning-Based Facial Expression Analysis: A Proof-of-Concept Study
AU  - Kentaro Uejima
AU  - Tsutomu Takahashi
AU  - Miki Matsui
AU  - Sakae Fukushima
AU  - Yoshifumi Nishi
PY  - 2026
JO  - Cureus
DO  - 10.7759/cureus.107883
UR  - https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.107883
ER  -

APA

Uejima, K., Takahashi, T., Matsui, M., Fukushima, S., & Nishi, Y. (2026). Real-Time Estimation of Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) Scores Using Machine Learning-Based Facial Expression Analysis: A Proof-of-Concept Study. Cureus. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.107883

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crossref · retrieved 2026-09-25T14:31:53.279Z