Treatment and Pharmacology of Anxiety From Classical Antiquity to the Present Day: Methods and Therapeutic Practices

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This narrative review traces the historical evolution of anxiety treatment and pharmacology from Classical Antiquity through the present day. It examines how ancient Greek, Medieval, and Early Modern models shifted toward modern integrated biopsychosocial approaches. The resource is intended for readers interested in the medical and philosophical history of anxiety management.

ID
201ea57ea4f44734
Source org
PubMed Central
Author
Panagiotis Sideris (Hellenic Open University), Spyros N Michaleas (National and Kapodistrian University of Athens), Marianna Karamanou (National and Kapodistrian University of Athens), George N Vlachakis (Hellenic Open University)
Published
2026-04-07
OA status
diamond
DOI
10.7759/cureus.106621
PMID
Not recorded
PMCID
Not recorded
Citations
0

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BibTeX

@article{allodium:201ea57ea4f44734,
  title = {Treatment and Pharmacology of Anxiety From Classical Antiquity to the Present Day: Methods and Therapeutic Practices},
  author = {Panagiotis Sideris and Spyros N Michaleas and Marianna Karamanou and George N Vlachakis},
  year = {2026},
  journal = {PubMed Central},
  doi = {10.7759/cureus.106621},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.106621}
}

RIS

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Treatment and Pharmacology of Anxiety From Classical Antiquity to the Present Day: Methods and Therapeutic Practices
AU  - Sideris, Panagiotis
AU  - Michaleas, Spyros N
AU  - Karamanou, Marianna
AU  - Vlachakis, George N
PY  - 2026
PB  - PubMed Central
DO  - 10.7759/cureus.106621
UR  - https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.106621
ER  -

APA

Sideris, P., Michaleas, S. N., Karamanou, M., & Vlachakis, G. N. (2026). Treatment and Pharmacology of Anxiety From Classical Antiquity to the Present Day: Methods and Therapeutic Practices. PubMed Central. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.106621

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