Retraction notices

Retraction reasons

• Investigation by Journal/Publisher32,010 notices
• Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions21,905 notices
• Investigation by Third Party17,881 notices
• Concerns/Issues about Data15,891 notices
• Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions15,279 notices
• Notice - Limited or No Information12,118 notices
• Paper Mill11,798 notices
• Compromised Peer Review11,749 notices
• Concerns/Issues about Peer Review11,694 notices
• Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions9,970 notices
• Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content9,232 notices
• Date of Article and/or Notice Unknown7,023 notices
• Duplication of/in Image5,603 notices
• Breach of Policy by Author4,792 notices
• Removed4,067 notices
• Investigation by Company/Institution3,836 notices
• Euphemisms for Plagiarism3,795 notices
• Objections by Author(s)3,731 notices
• Duplication of/in Article3,713 notices
• Concerns/Issues about Image3,592 notices
• Rogue Editor3,452 notices
• Author Unresponsive3,300 notices
• Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation3,140 notices
• Plagiarism of/in Article2,890 notices
• Lack of IRB/IACUC Approval and/or Compliance2,647 notices
• Original Data and/or Images not Provided and/or not Available2,583 notices
• Unreliable Data2,363 notices
• Upgrade/Update of Prior Notice(s)2,343 notices
• Euphemisms for Duplication2,293 notices
• Plagiarism of Text2,224 notices
• Error in Data2,141 notices
• Updated to Retraction2,075 notices
• Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement1,959 notices
• Misconduct by Author1,947 notices
• Concerns/Issues about Article1,802 notices
• Falsification/Fabrication of Data1,738 notices
• Misconduct - Official Investigation(s) and/or Finding(s)1,669 notices
• Informed/Patient Consent - None/Withdrawn1,608 notices
• Error in Image1,552 notices
• Error in Results and/or Conclusions1,493 notices
• Error in Analyses1,484 notices
• Manipulation of Images1,435 notices
• Error in Methods1,309 notices
• Error in Text1,293 notices
• Duplication of Data1,125 notices
• Error by Journal/Publisher1,087 notices
• Retract and Replace1,057 notices
• Results Not Reproducible954 notices
• Conflict of Interest936 notices
• False/Forged Authorship921 notices
• Duplication of Content through Error by Journal/Publisher888 notices
• Plagiarism of Image856 notices
• Objections by Third Party837 notices
• Concerns/Issues about Human Subject Welfare802 notices
• Copyright Claims714 notices
• Ethical Violations by Author696 notices
• Plagiarism of Data652 notices
• Lack of Approval from Author592 notices
• Falsification/Fabrication of Image561 notices
• Duplication of Text500 notices
• Withdrawn to Publish in Different Journal495 notices
• Lack of Approval from Third Party453 notices
• Legal Reasons and/or Threats453 notices
• Taken from Dissertation/Thesis370 notices
• Withdrawn as Out of Date363 notices
• Notice - Lack of361 notices
• Civil Proceedings345 notices
• Investigation by ORI305 notices
• Lack of Approval from Company/Institution302 notices
• Unreliable Image283 notices
• Cites Retracted Work222 notices
• Concerns/Issues about Methods214 notices
• Notice - Unable to Access via current resources206 notices
• Error in Materials205 notices
• False/Forged Affiliation199 notices
• Temporary Removal193 notices
• Contamination of Cell Lines/Tissues172 notices
• Doing the Right Thing142 notices
• Falsification/Fabrication of Results119 notices
• Complaints about Author112 notices
• Bias Issues or Lack of Balance107 notices
• Miscommunication with/by Author106 notices
• Error in Cell Lines/Tissues98 notices
• Contamination of Materials84 notices
• Publishing Ban82 notices
• Criminal Proceedings78 notices
• Misconduct by Third Party51 notices
• Concerns/Issues about Animal Welfare49 notices
• Error by Third Party48 notices
• Manipulation of Results48 notices
• Updated to Correction47 notices
• Transfer of Copyright and/or Ownership43 notices
• Not Presented at Conference38 notices
• Salami Slicing32 notices
• Ethical Violations by Company/Institution/Third Party29 notices
• Objections by Company/Institution29 notices
• Manipulation of Data27 notices
• No Further Action26 notices
• Taken via Peer Review23 notices
• Miscommunication with/by Journal/Publisher20 notices
• Hoax Paper16 notices
• Miscommunication with/by Third Party13 notices
• Miscommunication with/by Company/Institution12 notices
• Nonpayment of Fees and/or Refusal to Pay12 notices
• Euphemisms for Misconduct11 notices
• Complaints about Third Party10 notices
• Taken via Translation9 notices
• Updated to Expression of Concern9 notices
• Misconduct by Company/Institution8 notices
• Complaints about Company/Institution5 notices
• EOC Lifted5 notices
• Sabotage of Materials/Methods1 notice