Efficacy, User Engagement, and Acceptability of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy–Oriented Psychological Chatbots for Adults With Depressive and/or Anxiety Symptoms: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

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This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluates the efficacy, user engagement, and acceptability of CBT-oriented psychological chatbots for adults with depressive or anxiety symptoms, synthesizing data from 29 randomized controlled trials. The authors report moderate reductions in depressive symptoms and small reductions in anxiety symptoms at post-intervention, with effects diminishing at follow-up. The resource also discusses user satisfaction, technical limitations, and the low certainty of evidence due to risk of bias and heterogeneity.

ID
f45c0a3b54e749af
Source org
PubMed Central
Author
Bingyan Gong (Tsinghua University), Nisha Yao (Capital University of Physical Education and Sports), Hangxin Xie (Tsinghua University), Chuncheng Huang (Tsinghua University), Kishimoto Tomoko (Beijing Normal University), Howard Berenbaum (University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign), Wenting Mu (Tsinghua University)
Published
2026-03-12
OA status
gold
DOI
10.2196/82677
PMID
Not recorded
PMCID
Not recorded
Citations
2

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BibTeX

@article{allodium:f45c0a3b54e749af,
  title = {Efficacy, User Engagement, and Acceptability of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy–Oriented Psychological Chatbots for Adults With Depressive and/or Anxiety Symptoms: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials},
  author = {Bingyan Gong and Nisha Yao and Hangxin Xie and Chuncheng Huang and Kishimoto Tomoko and Howard Berenbaum and Wenting Mu},
  year = {2026},
  journal = {PubMed Central},
  doi = {10.2196/82677},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.2196/82677}
}

RIS

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Efficacy, User Engagement, and Acceptability of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy–Oriented Psychological Chatbots for Adults With Depressive and/or Anxiety Symptoms: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
AU  - Gong, Bingyan
AU  - Yao, Nisha
AU  - Xie, Hangxin
AU  - Huang, Chuncheng
AU  - Tomoko, Kishimoto
AU  - Berenbaum, Howard
AU  - Mu, Wenting
PY  - 2026
PB  - PubMed Central
DO  - 10.2196/82677
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2196/82677
ER  -

APA

Gong, B., Yao, N., Xie, H., Huang, C., Tomoko, K., Berenbaum, H., & Mu, W. (2026). Efficacy, User Engagement, and Acceptability of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy–Oriented Psychological Chatbots for Adults With Depressive and/or Anxiety Symptoms: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. PubMed Central. https://doi.org/10.2196/82677

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