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Current Trends in Tourism under COVID-19 and Future Implications
uncertain
Show all credibility signals
- not scoredDOI registered: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredDOI resolves: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredDirectory of Open Access Journals: No matching DOAJ record was present in this response. No allow-list match; this is not evidence of low credibility.
- not scoredMEDLINE indexed: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredOpenAlex core source: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredKnown publisher allow-list: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredROR affiliation: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredRetraction Watch retraction: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredRetraction Watch expression of concern: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredRetraction Watch correction: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredRetraction Watch reinstatement: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- supportingOpen access status: Normalized open-access status: open.
- not scoredPublication license: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredPublication version: A publication version was supplied but is not scored.
- cautionMetadata completeness: 4 of 6 scored descriptive metadata groups are present; missing fields increase uncertainty.
Emerging Issues in Occupational Health Psychology
uncertain
Show all credibility signals
- not scoredDOI registered: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredDOI resolves: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredDirectory of Open Access Journals: No matching DOAJ record was present in this response. No allow-list match; this is not evidence of low credibility.
- not scoredMEDLINE indexed: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredOpenAlex core source: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredKnown publisher allow-list: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredROR affiliation: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredRetraction Watch retraction: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredRetraction Watch expression of concern: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredRetraction Watch correction: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredRetraction Watch reinstatement: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- supportingOpen access status: Normalized open-access status: open.
- not scoredPublication license: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredPublication version: A publication version was supplied but is not scored.
- cautionMetadata completeness: 4 of 6 scored descriptive metadata groups are present; missing fields increase uncertainty.
Financial Econometrics and Quantitative Economic Analysis
uncertain
Show all credibility signals
- not scoredDOI registered: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredDOI resolves: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredDirectory of Open Access Journals: No matching DOAJ record was present in this response. No allow-list match; this is not evidence of low credibility.
- not scoredMEDLINE indexed: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredOpenAlex core source: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredKnown publisher allow-list: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredROR affiliation: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredRetraction Watch retraction: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredRetraction Watch expression of concern: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredRetraction Watch correction: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredRetraction Watch reinstatement: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- supportingOpen access status: Normalized open-access status: open.
- not scoredPublication license: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredPublication version: A publication version was supplied but is not scored.
- cautionMetadata completeness: 4 of 6 scored descriptive metadata groups are present; missing fields increase uncertainty.
Recent Topics in Economic Research – Feature Papers for Cerebrating the 10th Anniversary of Economies
uncertain
Show all credibility signals
- not scoredDOI registered: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredDOI resolves: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredDirectory of Open Access Journals: No matching DOAJ record was present in this response. No allow-list match; this is not evidence of low credibility.
- not scoredMEDLINE indexed: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredOpenAlex core source: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredKnown publisher allow-list: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredROR affiliation: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredRetraction Watch retraction: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredRetraction Watch expression of concern: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredRetraction Watch correction: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredRetraction Watch reinstatement: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- supportingOpen access status: Normalized open-access status: open.
- not scoredPublication license: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredPublication version: A publication version was supplied but is not scored.
- cautionMetadata completeness: 4 of 6 scored descriptive metadata groups are present; missing fields increase uncertainty.
Sustainable Tourism - Ways to Counteract the Negative Effects of Overtourism at Tourist Attractions and Destinations
uncertain
Show all credibility signals
- not scoredDOI registered: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredDOI resolves: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredDirectory of Open Access Journals: No matching DOAJ record was present in this response. No allow-list match; this is not evidence of low credibility.
- not scoredMEDLINE indexed: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredOpenAlex core source: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredKnown publisher allow-list: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredROR affiliation: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredRetraction Watch retraction: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredRetraction Watch expression of concern: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredRetraction Watch correction: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredRetraction Watch reinstatement: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- supportingOpen access status: Normalized open-access status: open.
- not scoredPublication license: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredPublication version: A publication version was supplied but is not scored.
- cautionMetadata completeness: 4 of 6 scored descriptive metadata groups are present; missing fields increase uncertainty.
Romanian eco-guesthouses in the sustainable tourism sector: The role of environmental interpretation in shaping loyalty and environmental behaviors.
limited evidence
Show all credibility signals
- cautionDOI registered: No matching Crossref record was present in this response.
- cautionDOI resolves: No matching Crossref record was present in this response.
- not scoredDirectory of Open Access Journals: No matching DOAJ record was present in this response. No allow-list match; this is not evidence of low credibility.
- not scoredMEDLINE indexed: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredOpenAlex core source: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredKnown publisher allow-list: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredROR affiliation: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredRetraction Watch retraction: No retraction notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- not scoredRetraction Watch expression of concern: No expression of concern notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- not scoredRetraction Watch correction: No correction notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- not scoredRetraction Watch reinstatement: No reinstatement notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- not scoredOpen access status: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredPublication license: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredPublication version: A publication version was supplied but is not scored.
- cautionMetadata completeness: 5 of 6 scored descriptive metadata groups are present; missing fields increase uncertainty.
The psychology of user reliance on anthropomorphic robots: Affective dissonance, cognitive load, and enactive sense-making.
limited evidence
Show all credibility signals
- cautionDOI registered: No matching Crossref record was present in this response.
- cautionDOI resolves: No matching Crossref record was present in this response.
- not scoredDirectory of Open Access Journals: No matching DOAJ record was present in this response. No allow-list match; this is not evidence of low credibility.
- not scoredMEDLINE indexed: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredOpenAlex core source: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredKnown publisher allow-list: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredROR affiliation: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredRetraction Watch retraction: No retraction notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- not scoredRetraction Watch expression of concern: No expression of concern notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- not scoredRetraction Watch correction: No correction notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- not scoredRetraction Watch reinstatement: No reinstatement notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- not scoredOpen access status: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredPublication license: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredPublication version: A publication version was supplied but is not scored.
- cautionMetadata completeness: 5 of 6 scored descriptive metadata groups are present; missing fields increase uncertainty.
Green intentions in a growing nation: How trust and responsibility shape eco-hotel choices.
limited evidence
Show all credibility signals
- cautionDOI registered: No matching Crossref record was present in this response.
- cautionDOI resolves: No matching Crossref record was present in this response.
- not scoredDirectory of Open Access Journals: No matching DOAJ record was present in this response. No allow-list match; this is not evidence of low credibility.
- not scoredMEDLINE indexed: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredOpenAlex core source: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredKnown publisher allow-list: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredROR affiliation: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredRetraction Watch retraction: No retraction notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- not scoredRetraction Watch expression of concern: No expression of concern notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- not scoredRetraction Watch correction: No correction notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- not scoredRetraction Watch reinstatement: No reinstatement notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- not scoredOpen access status: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredPublication license: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredPublication version: A publication version was supplied but is not scored.
- cautionMetadata completeness: 5 of 6 scored descriptive metadata groups are present; missing fields increase uncertainty.
Sports tourism as a pathway to older adults' psychological well-being: a dual-pathway model integrating broaden-and-build and social identity perspectives.
limited evidence
Show all credibility signals
- cautionDOI registered: No matching Crossref record was present in this response.
- cautionDOI resolves: No matching Crossref record was present in this response.
- not scoredDirectory of Open Access Journals: No matching DOAJ record was present in this response. No allow-list match; this is not evidence of low credibility.
- not scoredMEDLINE indexed: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredOpenAlex core source: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredKnown publisher allow-list: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredROR affiliation: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredRetraction Watch retraction: No retraction notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- not scoredRetraction Watch expression of concern: No expression of concern notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- not scoredRetraction Watch correction: No correction notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- not scoredRetraction Watch reinstatement: No reinstatement notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- supportingOpen access status: Normalized open-access status: open.
- not scoredPublication license: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredPublication version: A publication version was supplied but is not scored.
- cautionMetadata completeness: 5 of 6 scored descriptive metadata groups are present; missing fields increase uncertainty.
Subjective well-being, mobile social media and the enjoyment of tourism experience: a broaden-and-build perspective
limited evidence
Show all credibility signals
- cautionDOI registered: No matching Crossref record was present in this response.
- cautionDOI resolves: No matching Crossref record was present in this response.
- not scoredDirectory of Open Access Journals: No matching DOAJ record was present in this response. No allow-list match; this is not evidence of low credibility.
- not scoredMEDLINE indexed: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredOpenAlex core source: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredKnown publisher allow-list: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredROR affiliation: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredRetraction Watch retraction: No retraction notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- not scoredRetraction Watch expression of concern: No expression of concern notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- not scoredRetraction Watch correction: No correction notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- not scoredRetraction Watch reinstatement: No reinstatement notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- supportingOpen access status: Normalized open-access status: open.
- not scoredPublication license: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredPublication version: A publication version was supplied but is not scored.
- cautionMetadata completeness: 5 of 6 scored descriptive metadata groups are present; missing fields increase uncertainty.
The role of embodiment and ergonomics in immersive VR tours in creating memorable tourism experiences
limited evidence
Show all credibility signals
- cautionDOI registered: No matching Crossref record was present in this response.
- cautionDOI resolves: No matching Crossref record was present in this response.
- not scoredDirectory of Open Access Journals: No matching DOAJ record was present in this response. No allow-list match; this is not evidence of low credibility.
- not scoredMEDLINE indexed: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredOpenAlex core source: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredKnown publisher allow-list: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredROR affiliation: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredRetraction Watch retraction: No retraction notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- not scoredRetraction Watch expression of concern: No expression of concern notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- not scoredRetraction Watch correction: No correction notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- not scoredRetraction Watch reinstatement: No reinstatement notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- supportingOpen access status: Normalized open-access status: open.
- not scoredPublication license: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredPublication version: A publication version was supplied but is not scored.
- cautionMetadata completeness: 5 of 6 scored descriptive metadata groups are present; missing fields increase uncertainty.
Slogan handwritten effect: How fonts of environmental slogan affect tourists' garbage sorting intention.
limited evidence
Show all credibility signals
- cautionDOI registered: No matching Crossref record was present in this response.
- cautionDOI resolves: No matching Crossref record was present in this response.
- not scoredDirectory of Open Access Journals: No matching DOAJ record was present in this response. No allow-list match; this is not evidence of low credibility.
- not scoredMEDLINE indexed: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredOpenAlex core source: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredKnown publisher allow-list: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredROR affiliation: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredRetraction Watch retraction: No retraction notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- not scoredRetraction Watch expression of concern: No expression of concern notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- not scoredRetraction Watch correction: No correction notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- not scoredRetraction Watch reinstatement: No reinstatement notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- not scoredOpen access status: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredPublication license: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredPublication version: A publication version was supplied but is not scored.
- cautionMetadata completeness: 5 of 6 scored descriptive metadata groups are present; missing fields increase uncertainty.
Tourism Web Aceptance Model (TWAM) : A study of intention to book e-tourism product
limited evidence
Show all credibility signals
- cautionDOI registered: No matching Crossref record was present in this response.
- cautionDOI resolves: No matching Crossref record was present in this response.
- not scoredDirectory of Open Access Journals: No matching DOAJ record was present in this response. No allow-list match; this is not evidence of low credibility.
- not scoredMEDLINE indexed: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredOpenAlex core source: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredKnown publisher allow-list: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredROR affiliation: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredRetraction Watch retraction: No retraction notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- not scoredRetraction Watch expression of concern: No expression of concern notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- not scoredRetraction Watch correction: No correction notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- not scoredRetraction Watch reinstatement: No reinstatement notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- not scoredOpen access status: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredPublication license: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredPublication version: A publication version was supplied but is not scored.
- cautionMetadata completeness: 5 of 6 scored descriptive metadata groups are present; missing fields increase uncertainty.
Tourism image perception of living historical and cultural neighborhoods under the HSSPR framework: A comparative study of three cases in Yunnan, China.
limited evidence
Show all credibility signals
- cautionDOI registered: No matching Crossref record was present in this response.
- cautionDOI resolves: No matching Crossref record was present in this response.
- not scoredDirectory of Open Access Journals: No matching DOAJ record was present in this response. No allow-list match; this is not evidence of low credibility.
- not scoredMEDLINE indexed: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredOpenAlex core source: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredKnown publisher allow-list: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredROR affiliation: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredRetraction Watch retraction: No retraction notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- not scoredRetraction Watch expression of concern: No expression of concern notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- not scoredRetraction Watch correction: No correction notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- not scoredRetraction Watch reinstatement: No reinstatement notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- supportingOpen access status: Normalized open-access status: open.
- not scoredPublication license: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredPublication version: A publication version was supplied but is not scored.
- cautionMetadata completeness: 5 of 6 scored descriptive metadata groups are present; missing fields increase uncertainty.
Tourscape, cultural identity, and loyalty in a themed cultural precinct: A study of Datang Everbright City in Xi'an, China.
limited evidence
Show all credibility signals
- cautionDOI registered: No matching Crossref record was present in this response.
- cautionDOI resolves: No matching Crossref record was present in this response.
- not scoredDirectory of Open Access Journals: No matching DOAJ record was present in this response. No allow-list match; this is not evidence of low credibility.
- not scoredMEDLINE indexed: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredOpenAlex core source: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredKnown publisher allow-list: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredROR affiliation: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredRetraction Watch retraction: No retraction notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- not scoredRetraction Watch expression of concern: No expression of concern notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- not scoredRetraction Watch correction: No correction notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- not scoredRetraction Watch reinstatement: No reinstatement notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- not scoredOpen access status: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredPublication license: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredPublication version: A publication version was supplied but is not scored.
- cautionMetadata completeness: 5 of 6 scored descriptive metadata groups are present; missing fields increase uncertainty.
Tourism Supply Chain Management and Organizational Per-2 formance: A Structured Integrative Review and Multilevel 3 Framework for Sustainable and Resilient Destinations
limited evidence
Show all credibility signals
- cautionDOI registered: No matching Crossref record was present in this response.
- cautionDOI resolves: No matching Crossref record was present in this response.
- not scoredDirectory of Open Access Journals: No matching DOAJ record was present in this response. No allow-list match; this is not evidence of low credibility.
- not scoredMEDLINE indexed: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredOpenAlex core source: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredKnown publisher allow-list: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredROR affiliation: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredRetraction Watch retraction: No retraction notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- not scoredRetraction Watch expression of concern: No expression of concern notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- not scoredRetraction Watch correction: No correction notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- not scoredRetraction Watch reinstatement: No reinstatement notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- supportingOpen access status: Normalized open-access status: open.
- supportingPublication license: A publication license was supplied: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/legalcode. Presence improves reuse transparency, not research validity.
- not scoredPublication version: A publication version was supplied but is not scored.
- cautionMetadata completeness: 5 of 6 scored descriptive metadata groups are present; missing fields increase uncertainty.
Prioritization of the Eelements Affecting Urban Environmental Quality in Shiraz
uncertain
Show all credibility signals
- cautionDOI registered: No matching Crossref record was present in this response.
- cautionDOI resolves: No matching Crossref record was present in this response.
- supportingDirectory of Open Access Journals: A matching record was returned by DOAJ.
- not scoredMEDLINE indexed: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredOpenAlex core source: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredKnown publisher allow-list: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredROR affiliation: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredRetraction Watch retraction: No retraction notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- not scoredRetraction Watch expression of concern: No expression of concern notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- not scoredRetraction Watch correction: No correction notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- not scoredRetraction Watch reinstatement: No reinstatement notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- supportingOpen access status: Normalized open-access status: open.
- not scoredPublication license: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredPublication version: A publication version was supplied but is not scored.
- cautionMetadata completeness: 5 of 6 scored descriptive metadata groups are present; missing fields increase uncertainty.
The Roles of the Main Components of the Formation of Smart Growth Approach in the Sustainable Development of Rural Settlements: A Case Study of Jiroft County
uncertain
Show all credibility signals
- cautionDOI registered: No matching Crossref record was present in this response.
- cautionDOI resolves: No matching Crossref record was present in this response.
- supportingDirectory of Open Access Journals: A matching record was returned by DOAJ.
- not scoredMEDLINE indexed: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredOpenAlex core source: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredKnown publisher allow-list: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredROR affiliation: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredRetraction Watch retraction: No retraction notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- not scoredRetraction Watch expression of concern: No expression of concern notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- not scoredRetraction Watch correction: No correction notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- not scoredRetraction Watch reinstatement: No reinstatement notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- supportingOpen access status: Normalized open-access status: open.
- not scoredPublication license: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredPublication version: A publication version was supplied but is not scored.
- cautionMetadata completeness: 5 of 6 scored descriptive metadata groups are present; missing fields increase uncertainty.
Investigating the Role and Position of Urban Management in Urban Branding (Case Study: Isfahan City)
uncertain
Show all credibility signals
- cautionDOI registered: No matching Crossref record was present in this response.
- cautionDOI resolves: No matching Crossref record was present in this response.
- supportingDirectory of Open Access Journals: A matching record was returned by DOAJ.
- not scoredMEDLINE indexed: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredOpenAlex core source: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredKnown publisher allow-list: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredROR affiliation: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredRetraction Watch retraction: No retraction notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- not scoredRetraction Watch expression of concern: No expression of concern notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- not scoredRetraction Watch correction: No correction notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- not scoredRetraction Watch reinstatement: No reinstatement notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- supportingOpen access status: Normalized open-access status: open.
- not scoredPublication license: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredPublication version: A publication version was supplied but is not scored.
- cautionMetadata completeness: 5 of 6 scored descriptive metadata groups are present; missing fields increase uncertainty.
Spatial Analysis of the Relationship between Social Capital and Sustainable Urban Development Case Study: Cities of West Azarbaijan Province Dr. Mir Najaf Mousavi Assistant Professor of Urban Planning Geography University of Urmia Hakimeh Ghanbari Ph.D Student of Urban Planning Geography University of Tabriz Khaled Esmaeilzadeh M.Sc of Sociology Azad University of Sardasht
uncertain
Show all credibility signals
- cautionDOI registered: No matching Crossref record was present in this response.
- cautionDOI resolves: No matching Crossref record was present in this response.
- supportingDirectory of Open Access Journals: A matching record was returned by DOAJ.
- not scoredMEDLINE indexed: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredOpenAlex core source: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredKnown publisher allow-list: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredROR affiliation: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredRetraction Watch retraction: No retraction notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- not scoredRetraction Watch expression of concern: No expression of concern notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- not scoredRetraction Watch correction: No correction notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- not scoredRetraction Watch reinstatement: No reinstatement notice matched this DOI in the deployed snapshot. No matching event found; coverage may be incomplete.
- supportingOpen access status: Normalized open-access status: open.
- not scoredPublication license: Not checked or no result supplied; no credibility inference made.
- not scoredPublication version: A publication version was supplied but is not scored.
- cautionMetadata completeness: 4 of 6 scored descriptive metadata groups are present; missing fields increase uncertainty.
Digital trust in medical tourism portals: multiple pathways to consumer confidence.
limited evidence
Show all credibility signals
- cautionDOI registered: No matching Crossref record was present in this response.
- cautionDOI resolves: No matching Crossref record was present in this response.
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Impact of diverse learning resources and support system on Chinese English language learners' motivation in virtual and traditional learning settings.
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Constraints as catalysts: a model of emotional intelligence, team learning, and team resilience, in driving creativity and innovation.
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How tourism experiences relate to eWOM intention: the roles of self-expansion and place attachment in ancient town tourism.
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How campus restorative environments foster pro-environmental behavior among university students: the chain mediating roles of awe and nature connectedness.
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Artificial intelligence readiness and innovative work behavior among Chinese university teachers: the indirect role of work engagement and the moderating role of perceived digital leadership.
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Development and psychometric evaluation of the AI emotional engagement scale.
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Guarding serenity in the digital age: mindfulness as a buffer against social media-induced psychological discomfort in older tourists.
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Cognitive and adaptive pathways linking self-efficacy and job crafting: the moderating role of perceived organizational support among female knowledge workers in Chinese tourism enterprises.
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Understanding workforce sustainability through institutional theory: insights from Uzbekistan's hotel industry.
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From destination perceptions to visit behavior in Macao: a sequential mediation model of motivation, attitude, and intention among Mainland Chinese tourists.
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How Perceived Crowding Shapes Tourists' Impulsive Buying in Internet-Famous Supermarkets: The Roles of Bipolar Emotions and Brand Trust.
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Editorial
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Erosion and Culture
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Algorithmic management and psychosocial risks at work: An emerging occupational safety and health challenge
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Prozdrowotna aktywność turystyczna w cyklu życia rodziny = Pro-health tourist activity in family life cycle
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Isomorphic Closure in Global Geomythology: A Computational Synthesis of Paleoclimatic Events and Indigenous Oral Traditions
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- supportingPublication license: A publication license was supplied: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/. Presence improves reuse transparency, not research validity.
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- cautionMetadata completeness: 5 of 6 scored descriptive metadata groups are present; missing fields increase uncertainty.
CONCEPTUAL BASIS OF ECOTOURISM IN EDUCATION Samatova Nozima Abdixalim qizi Master's student, Shahrisabz State Pedagogical Institute E-mail: samatovanozima112@gmail.com Phone: +998 92 070 45 04 Supervisor: Allayarova Zebo, PhD, Associate Professor, Shahrisabz State Pedagogical Institute Annotation: Ecotourism has increasingly been recognized not only as a sustainable tourism model but also as an effective educational framework that integrates environmental awareness, cultural sensitivity, and community engagement. This article examines the conceptual foundations of ecotourism within educational contexts, focusing on its theoretical principles, pedagogical relevance, and measurable learning outcomes. Drawing on international academic literature and policy documents, the study analyzes how ecotourism contributes to environmental education, sustainability competencies, and experiential learning. The findings demonstrate that ecotourism-based education strengthens ecological literacy, ethical responsibility, and interdisciplinary learning, making it a valuable component of modern education systems. Keywords: Ecotourism, environmental education, sustainability education, experiential learning, ecological literacy, sustainable development Introduction The rapid expansion of global tourism during the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries has generated significant environmental and socio-cultural challenges. In response, ecotourism emerged as a concept emphasizing responsible travel to natural areas, conservation of the environment, and improvement of local community well-being [1]. Beyond its economic and environmental dimensions, ecotourism has gained scholarly attention as an educational instrument that promotes sustainability values and environmental ethics. Education plays a central role in achieving sustainable development, as highlighted by UNESCO's Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) framework [2]. Ecotourism aligns closely with ESD principles by combining cognitive learning, affective engagement, and practical experience in natural and cultural settings. Researchers argue that ecotourism-based education fosters deeper understanding of ecosystems, human–nature relationships, and sustainable resource management [3]. This article aims to analyze the conceptual basis of ecotourism in education by examining its theoretical foundations, methodological approaches, and educational outcomes as reported in scientific literature. Methodology This study employs a qualitative literature analysis method. Academic books, peer-reviewed journal articles, and international policy documents related to ecotourism and education were systematically reviewed. Sources were selected based on relevance, scientific credibility, and citation frequency in Scopus- and Web of Science-indexed journals. The analysis focused on three core dimensions: 1.conceptual definitions of ecotourism, 2.pedagogical theories supporting ecotourism in education, 3.empirical findings on educational outcomes of ecotourism programs. Comparative and thematic analysis techniques were used to synthesize findings across sources [4]. Results The literature review indicates that ecotourism in education is grounded in three interrelated conceptual pillars: environmental conservation, socio-cultural responsibility, and experiential learning. Firstly, environmental conservation is a foundational principle of ecotourism. According to The International Ecotourism Society (TIES), ecotourism includes interpretation and education that increase understanding of natural environments and conservation issues [1]. Educational programs based on ecotourism consistently emphasize biodiversity protection, ecosystem services, and sustainable resource use. Secondly, socio-cultural responsibility is highlighted as an educational outcome. Studies show that ecotourism activities enhance learners' respect for local cultures, traditional knowledge, and community-based management practices [5]. This dimension supports intercultural competence and ethical awareness in learners. Thirdly, experiential learning is identified as a core pedagogical mechanism. Kolb's experiential learning theory is frequently applied in ecotourism education, as learning occurs through direct interaction with natural and social environments [6]. Field-based learning, observation, and participation significantly improve knowledge retention and environmental attitudes. Analysis and Discussion The integration of ecotourism into educational theory and practice reflects a broader transformation in global education systems toward sustainability-oriented, learner-centered, and experiential pedagogies. Contemporary educational research increasingly emphasizes that effective learning extends beyond classroom instruction and requires meaningful engagement with real-world environmental and social contexts [7]. Ecotourism-based education provides such contexts by situating learning within natural ecosystems and local communities, thereby linking theoretical knowledge with lived experience. One of the most significant conceptual contributions of ecotourism to education lies in its alignment with experiential learning theory. Kolb's experiential learning model highlights that learning is a cyclical process involving concrete experience, reflective observation, abstract conceptualization, and active experimentation [6]. Ecotourism activities—such as guided nature interpretation, biodiversity observation, and community-based cultural interaction—facilitate all stages of this cycle. Empirical studies confirm that learners engaged in field-based environmental programs demonstrate higher levels of knowledge retention and conceptual understanding compared to those exposed solely to classroom-based instruction [8]. From an environmental education perspective, ecotourism strengthens ecological literacy by fostering direct interaction with natural systems. Palmer [8] argues that environmental awareness is most effectively developed through firsthand experience, particularly when learners can observe ecological processes and human impacts in situ. Ecotourism education enables participants to understand complex ecological relationships, such as biodiversity loss, habitat fragmentation, and climate change effects, within authentic environmental settings. This experiential dimension enhances cognitive learning while simultaneously shaping environmental attitudes and values. Furthermore, ecotourism contributes to the affective domain of learning, which is increasingly recognized as essential for sustainability education. UNESCO's Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) framework emphasizes the importance of values, attitudes, and ethical responsibility in fostering sustainable behavior [2]. Research indicates that emotional connection to nature, developed through immersive ecotourism experiences, significantly increases pro-environmental attitudes and long-term behavioral change [7]. Learners who participate in ecotourism programs often report heightened environmental concern and a stronger sense of stewardship toward natural resources. Another critical dimension of ecotourism in education is its interdisciplinary nature. Sustainability challenges are inherently complex and require integrative approaches that transcend traditional disciplinary boundaries. Ecotourism-based education naturally incorporates elements of geography, ecology, economics, sociology, anthropology, and ethics [9]. For example, learners examining a protected area through ecotourism activities may simultaneously analyze ecosystem functions, local livelihoods, tourism economics, and conservation governance. This interdisciplinary structure supports systems thinking, a key competency identified in sustainability education literature [10]. Systems thinking enables learners to understand interdependencies between environmental, social, and economic systems. Sterling [10] emphasizes that education for sustainability must move beyond fragmented knowledge toward holistic understanding. Ecotourism learning environments encourage such perspectives by exposing learners to real-world sustainability dilemmas, such as balancing conservation objectives with community development. Through guided reflection and analysis, students develop the ability to evaluate trade-offs, assess long-term impacts, and propose context-sensitive solutions. In addition to cognitive and affective learning outcomes, ecotourism education also enhances social and ethical competencies. Stronza and Durham [5] highlight that responsible ecotourism emphasizes respect for local cultures, traditional knowledge, and community participation. Educational ecotourism programs often include interaction with indigenous or local communities, providing learners with insights into cultural diversity, social equity, and ethical dimensions of development. This aspect aligns with global citizenship education goals and contributes to intercultural competence development. However, the literature also underscores that the educational effectiveness of ecotourism is not automatic. Without deliberate pedagogical design, ecotourism activities risk becoming recreational experiences with limited educational value [11]. Honey [11] cautions that poorly regulated ecotourism may prioritize commercial interests over conservation and learning objectives. Therefore, educational outcomes depend heavily on structured interpretation, clear learning goals, and qualified educators or guides. Curriculum integration emerges as a critical factor in maximizing the educational potential of ecotourism. Studies suggest that ecotourism-based learning is most effective when embedded within formal education frameworks, such as university courses, teacher training programs, or structured field modules [9]. Clear alignment between learning objectives, assessment methods, and experiential activities ensures that ecotourism contributes meaningfully to academic achievement rather than remaining an isolated activity. Educator competence is another decisive element. Effective ecotourism education requires instructors who possess both subject-matter expertise and pedagogical skills in experiential and outdoor education [7]. Professional development programs for educators and guides are therefore essential to ensure accurate scientific interpretation, ethical engagement with communities, and learner-centered facilitation. UNESCO [2] emphasizes capacity-building for educators as a cornerstone of ESD implementation. Community involvement further enhances the educational and ethical legitimacy of ecotourism programs. Community-based ecotourism models, when integrated into educational initiatives, provide mutual benefits: learners gain authentic insights into local sustainability practices, while communities receive economic and social support [5]. Research shows that participatory approaches improve learning outcomes by contextualizing sustainability issues within real social settings and reinforcing ethical responsibility among learners [10]. Despite these strengths, challenges remain in scaling ecotourism education within formal systems. Logistical constraints, financial costs, and unequal access to natural sites may limit participation. Additionally, the environmental carrying capacity of ecotourism destinations must be carefully managed to prevent ecological degradation [11]. These challenges highlight the importance of strategic planning, policy support, and sustainable management practices in educational ecotourism initiatives. Conclusion The conceptual basis of ecotourism in education is firmly rooted in sustainability theory, environmental ethics, and experiential learning pedagogy. Scientific evidence confirms that ecotourism-based education enhances ecological knowledge, socio-cultural awareness, and responsible behavior among learners. As education systems increasingly prioritize sustainable development goals, ecotourism offers a practical and theoretically grounded framework for interdisciplinary and experiential education. Future research should focus on longitudinal assessment of learning outcomes and the integration of ecotourism into formal education curricula at national and institutional levels. References 1.The International Ecotourism Society (TIES). (2015). What is Ecotourism? Washington, DC. pp. 1–4. 2.UNESCO. (2017). Education for Sustainable Development Goals: Learning Objectives. Paris: UNESCO Publishing. pp. 7–18. 3.Weaver, D. B. (2001). The Encyclopedia of Ecotourism. Wallingford: CABI Publishing. pp. 5–22. 4.Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. Thousand Oaks: Sage. pp. 183–189. 5.Stronza, A., & Durham, W. (2008). Ecotourism and Conservation in the Americas. Wallingford: CABI. pp. 63–78. 6.Kolb, D. A. (1984). Experiential Learning: Experience as the Source of Learning and Development. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall. pp. 21–38. 7.Ballantyne, R., & Packer, J. (2011). Using tourism free-choice learning experiences to promote environmentally sustainable behavior. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 19(4–5), pp. 685–701. 8.Palmer, J. A. (1998). Environmental Education in the 21st Century. London: Routledge. pp. 112–129. 9.Fennell, D. A. (2020). Ecotourism. 5th ed. London: Routledge. pp. 45–67. 10.Sterling, S. (2010). Transformative learning and sustainability. Journal of Education for Sustainable Development, 4(1), pp. 17–33. 11.Honey, M. (2008). Ecotourism and Sustainable Development: Who Owns Paradise? 2nd ed. Washington, DC: Island Press. pp. 28–49. 12.UNWTO. (2018). Tourism and the Sustainable Development Goals – Journey to 2030. Madrid: UNWTO. pp. 55–72.
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.. Arquitectura y Ciencia para la Vida: Homenaje de los ecologistas trujillanos a José Fructoso Vivas Vivas Un reconocimiento a sus destacados aportes y la lucha por la ecología y la preservación del ambiente
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From Sunrise to Our Genome: Chapter ( i ) — Can We Still Hear the Music — Tourism Potential, Cognitive Visibility and Sustainable Development
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Derived Analytical Dataset and Reproducibility Materials for "When Intersectionality Travels: A Computational Genealogy of Feminist Theory in an Applied Knowledge Field"
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Experiential learning through industrial placement in hospitality education: The meat in the sandwich
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Internal Control Constraints and Performance of Revenue Collection in Marsabit County
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Exploring the Moalboal’s Face of Paradise: Insights, Challenges, and Experiences of Tourists (ICE)
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The Hindsight, Insight, and Foresight of Parents in Hospitality Management Students– A Costly Investment or A Worthwhile Pursuit: A Non-Sequential Mixed-Method Research
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A Study on the Satisfaction Rate of Foreign Tourists in Iran
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The convergence of social and solidarity economy with sustainable tourism: A Canadian perspective
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The Determine of the Mashad Bioclimatic Condition Base on Hourly Data
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The Nexus Between Security Sector Governance/Reform and Sustainable Development Goal-16
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The Travel and Tour Business in Ghana: Perspectives, Prospects, Barriers
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Who is the Senior Consumer for the Tourism Industry?
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